1. Chapter 9 Surface Water
Runoff- water flowing downslope on Earth’s surface.
Factors:
Vegetation- ↓ runoff due to pore space & slows down precipitation
Rate of precipitation- vs. rate of infiltration
Soil Composition- organic (humus) = porous coarse particles = porous fine (clay) = less porous
Slope- ↑ slope = ↑ runoff (infilt. needs time)

4. Tributary- flow into streams.
Watershed (drainage basin)- all land area that drains into a stream system.
Divide- high land which separates watersheds.

7. Stream Load- all the material that water in a stream carries.
3 ways a stream carries a load:
Solution- dissolved in water. (minerals), parts per million (ppm)
Suspension- particles small enough to be held up by the moving water. A suspended load varies by volume & velocity of stream.
Bed load- sediment too large to be held up by water. Pushed & rolled on bottom. => sediment abrasion => rounded/polished sed.

10. Carrying capacity- ability to transport material
Carrying capacity- ability to transport material. Depends on velocity & volume.
Discharge- volume of water that flows over 1 location for a period of time. (discharge = width x depth x velocity) ↑discharge = ↑ carrying capacity
Flood- too much water
Floodplain- area beyond the banks.