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Chapter 9 Review US Constitution.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 9 Review US Constitution."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 9 Review US Constitution

2 Constitution (1787) A constitution is a document that outlines the powers of government. James Madison formulated many of the ideas included in the Constitution and is known as the “Father of the Constitution.” He proposed that the U.S. government be organized in three branches: a legislative branch (Congress), an executive branch (the President) and a judicial branch (Supreme Court). The “Great Compromise” related to representation of states in the federal government. Other compromises made during the drafting process included the “three-fifths compromise” which counted slaves as three-fifths of a person when apportioning direct taxes or counting representation in the House of representatives. Another compromise related to the slave trade, which the convention agreed to end in Article VII, The Federalists, who favored a strong central government, supported the Constitution while the Anti-Federalists, who favored states’ rights and the protection of individual rights through a Bill of Rights, opposed ratification Bill of Rights (1791) The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the Constitution ratified in In several states, ratification of the Constitution was only obtained when Federalist supporters promised to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution.

3 A M E R I C A N G O V E R N M E N T U.S. Constitution 1787 xecutive
ress etition ssembly xecutive – enforces the law peech eligion udicial – interprets the law egislative – makes laws A M E R I C A N G O V E R N M E N T Articles of Confederation 1781 the nation’s first constitution; lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage lack of power to create a national army Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639 the first constitution in the American colonies; extended voting rights to non-church members and limited the powers of the governor, expanded ideas of representative government Magna Carta 1215 granted rights to noblemen and freemen. Limited power of the king English Bill of Rights 1689 supported a limited monarchy, gov’t based of laws made by parliament provided a system of shared power; rights given to ALL Englishmen House of Burgesses 1619 The First Representative Body in the colonies; Virginia Mayflower Compact 1620 first system of self-government in America.

4 Revolution Events NH NY MA CT RI PA NJ MD DE VA NC SC GA
Founding Documents Revolution Events ec. of Ind. exington rticles of Confed. aratoga Valley Forge onstitution orktown Jamestown -1st perm. English settlement NH New England Mayflower Compact – 1st system of self- gov’t Middle Colonies NY MA CT Long winters, rocky soil, timber, fishing, shipbuilding, whaling RI Declaration of Independence – Freedom from Englsih Rule PA subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate NJ MD DE Constitution –Replaced Article of Confed. VA NC SC GA Southern Colonies Hot climate, fertile soil, cash crops, plantation system Appalachian Mtns Great Lakes US in 1783 Mississippi R.

5 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 40. Checks and Balances is a system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches. Checks and Balances

6 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 41. Separation of Powers: system in which each branch of government has its own powers. Separation of Powers Legislative Executive Judicial Interprets Laws Makes Laws Executes Laws

7 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 42. Republicanism is a system of representative government in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them. Republicanism

8 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 43. Federalism is the sharing of power between the states and the national government. Federalism

9 Super STAAR 130 Federalists
Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction Federalists 44. Federalists were supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong national government and the Bank of the United States. This is cool! Now we have a strong national government!

10 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 45. Anti-federalists were people opposed to the Constitution, preferring more power be given to the state governments than to the national government. They also opposed the Bank of the U.S. Thomas Jefferson and George Mason were leading Anti-Federalists. Anti-Federalists “We, The People…

11 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 46. The Federalist Papers - a series of essays written by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton defending the Constitution and the principles on which the government of the United States was founded. Federalist We are Publius!

12 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 47. The Legislative Branch makes the laws. The Executive Branch enforces the laws. The Judicial Branch interprets the meaning of the laws. Legislative Executive Judicial My name is Bill Lawmaker. I veto you You are SO guilty!!!

13 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 49. The Constitution (our written plan of government) - Created: Philadelphia, Provides a strong national government with power balanced between the 3 branches. Constitution Executive Enforces the Laws Power Power Power Legislative Makes the Laws Judicial Interprets the Law

14 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 52. Amend means to change. As in amend the Constitution so it works better. Amendment = change to the Constitution Amend I can amend the Amendments! amend Amendment

15 Constitutional Amendment
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 3/4 is passed when 2/3 of Congress (House & Senate) and ¾ of the state legislatures vote in favor of that amendment. Constitutional Amendment 2/3

16 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 54. The Bill of Rights - 1st ten amendments to the Constitution --designed to protect our individual liberties. Bill of Rights

17 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 55. The First Amendment Protects the freedom of… Religion Assembly Press Petition Speech

18 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction I have the right to bear arms! Grrrr! 56. The 2nd Amen – “A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” 2nd Amendment I sure wish I had a gun!

19 Addressed the grievance of the Quartering Act
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 57. The 3rd Amendment - "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law." 3rd Amendment Addressed the grievance of the Quartering Act This place looks great!! I think I’ll move in.

20 Super STAAR 130 58. Due process – how laws are enforced fairly…
Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 58. Due process – how laws are enforced fairly… For example… Due process 4th Amendment - no illegal search or seizure. 5th Amendment - no self-incrimination, no double jeopardy, and no loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. 6th Amendment - the right to a speedy trial, a lawyer, to cross examine witnesses, and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify. 7th Amendment - the right to a jury trial in civil suits. 8th Amendment - “Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, no cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.”

21 Super STAAR 130 9th Amendment:
Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 59. The 9th Amendment - “The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.” 9th Amendment: You must right this down too! WOW!! That means I get even more rights than what is in the Bill of Rights?!?!? That Flippin’ Rocks!!

22 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction
Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 60. The 10th Amendment – “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” Meaning… 10th Amendment FEDERALISM FEDERALISM

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