1. LAB 3: FORCES THAT CAUSE EARTH MOVEMENTS
Key Question: Does the rock of the Earth’s mantle move?

2. Today, you will see what happens to a material that has PLASTICITY (the ability to flow) when it is heated from below

3. The corn syrup became hot & “bubbly” at the bottom of the pan
Observations
The corn syrup became hot & “bubbly” at the bottom of the pan
This made the warm corn syrup rise which caused the cardboard to move apart very slowly

4. COOLS SEPARATES RISES SINKS HEATS UP *CONVECTION CURRENT*
Convection Animation

5. The corn syrup is HEATED from below & cooled from above
Explain:
The corn syrup is HEATED from below & cooled from above
The warm corn syrup RISES, SEPARATES the cardboard, COOLS off, SINKS and is heated again

6. CONVECTION:
When a substance moves because it is heated from below and cooled from above

7. Convection:

8. Lava Lamp

9. Convection in the Mantle:
Mantle Convection

10. Mid-Ocean Ridge (MOR):

11. Mid-Ocean Ridge

12. LAB 3 VOCABULARY

13. 17. Convection
Movement of a fluid because of density changes when it is heated from below and cooled from above

14. Undersea mountains where plates spread apart and new crust is produced
41. Mid-Ocean Ridge
Undersea mountains where plates spread apart and new crust is produced

15. Molten rock that reaches the earth’s surface
29. Lava
Molten rock that reaches the earth’s surface
35. Magma
Molten rock beneath the earth’s surface

16. See Plate Tectonics Notes

17. 32. Plate Tectonics
Theory that the earth’s crust is broken into plates that move and interact with each other

18. Where lithospheric plates move toward each other and collide
19. Convergent Plate Boundaries
Where lithospheric plates move toward each other and collide

19. 25. Divergent Plate Boundaries
Where lithospheric plates move away from each other and new crust is formed

20. Where lithospheric plates slide/grind past each other side-by-side
52. Transform Boundaries
Where lithospheric plates slide/grind past each other side-by-side

22. The earth rumbles, shakes and splits open...
It’s an
earthquake-
an event
that happens
somewhere
on the earth
more than
twice a day
It all has to do with
the way the earth’s brittle crust,
and the layers below it, move

23. The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust
Like a cracked eggshell,
the crust is broken
into jagged sections,
which are called
plates
They float on top of
the mantle, usually
with smooth movement

24. Sometimes, the plates can grind together, which leads to the shaking that we know as Earthquakes

25. Earthquakes usually happen at a BOUNDARY (areas where plates meet)

26. There are: 3 main types of plate boundaries
divergent
Transform
Convergent

27. *Types of Boundaries*

28. The San Andreas Fault is a TRANSFORM Fault

31. Plate Boundary Map