1. Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt
Chapter 29
Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt

3. Progressives White, middle class Protestants Against: Monopolies
Corruption
Inefficiency
Social injustice
Laissez-faire policy
PROGRESSIVE ERA ( )

4. How the Other Half Lives
Jacob A. Riis, 1890
Photojournalism
Focused on poor housing and living conditions of immigrants in the NY slums
Result of apathy of the rich

7. “Muckrackers” Named by T.R. in 1906 Mudslinging magazines
Attacked governments, corporations, oil, railroads, trusts, and social evils
Ida Tarbell The History of Standard Oil
Lincoln Steffens The Shame of Cities
Opened the eyes of readers but only moderately successful in gaining change

8. T.R. and Muckrackers
"the man who did nothing else was certain to become a force of evil.”
“I hail as a benefactor…every writer or speaker, every man who, on the platform, or in book, magazine, or newspaper, with merciless severity makes such attack, provided always that he in turn remembers that that attack is of use only if it absolutely truthful”

10. Cosmo 1909

11. Collier’s

12. Progressivism in cities and states
Most impressive gains in cities
“Fighting Bob” LaFollette (Prog. Repub)
WI. Experiment- reform laws for taxes, representation, and commerce regulation
Initiative, referendum and recall to increase power of the voter in state and local politics
Direct election of US Senators led to fed govt SEVENTEENTH Amendment, 1913
City govt sought reform caused by political machines, public utilities must act in public interest

13. Progressivism and Women
“An extension, not rejection of social norms”
Settlement house movement
Literary Clubs
Women’s Universities
ILGWU
Children’s Bureau (1912) and Women’s Bureau (1912) in the Dept of Labor
Mother Jones-activist for labor rights
Suffragettes-Carrie Chapman Catt, Alice Paul
Nineteenth Amendment, 1920 (FINALLY!)

15. Fire at Triangle Shirtwaist Company - 1911
NYC
Lack of enforcement of factory regulations
146 workers died
Emergence of workmen’s comp
Reforms in garment factories

16. Mueller v. Oregon (1908)
Constitutionality of laws protecting women workers
Closed male jobs to women
Paved way to less employer control in the workplace

17. Alcohol 1900 – 1 saloon for every 200 people in cities
Gambling and prostitution
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Anti-saloon League
1 million members
By WWI (1914) – ½ of pop
lived in dry territories,
major cities still wet
Eighteenth Amendment, 1919

18. T.R’s Square Deal 3C’s (KNOW THESE) Control of Corporations
Consumer Protection
Conservation of Natural Resources

19. 1902 Coal Strike PA coal workers on strike
T.R. (friend of labor) tries to mediate
T.R. threatened to seize mines, run with federal troops
10% pay raise and 9 hour days agreed upon
1903
Department of Commerce
and Labor
Bureau of Corporations :
interstate commerce

21. T.R. the trust smasher
Elkins Act (1903) – Fines for giving and receiving rebates/kickbacks
Hepburn Act (1906) –regulate max rates RR can charge, ending price gouging of farmers
Dissolved the Northern Securities Company
J.P. Morgan and James J. Hill (HARMFUL TRUST)
Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 (Upton Sinclair The Jungle)
GOAL: Prove government, not business, runs the country

22. The Environment – pre T.R.
Desert Land Act of 1877 and Carey Act of 1894
Purpose to irrigate and use western land
Forest Reserve Act of 1891
46 million acres
Carey Act 1894

23. T.R and Beyond Newlands Act (1902) Banned Xmas tree in WH
Irrigation projects from sale of public land
Dams (Roosevelt Dam in 1911)
Banned Xmas tree in WH
Other projects
Jack London “Call of the Wild”
Boy Scouts
Sierra Club

24. “Roosevelt Panic of 1907” Selling of stocks, runs on banks
Criminal indictments against speculators
Fiscal Reforms
Aldrich-Vreeland Act – national banks to issue emergency currency backed with collateral
Led to Federal Reserve Act of 1913

25. TRUE DAT!

26. William Taft Elected in 1908 (T.R. promised only 2 terms)
Politically handicap
“Dollar Diplomacy”
Encouraged U.S. $$ in foreign markets
Strengthen defense and foreign policy
Trustbuster
Dissolved Standard Oil in 1911
Sherman Anti-Trust Act

27. “Read my lips…” Raised tariffs instead of lowering them
Sixteenth Amendment-federal govt can collect income tax 
Allowed public lands to be opened for development
Split the Rep. party
T.R. became an enemy (Bull Moose Party)
Taft broke up U.S. Steel which T.R. had helped to form

28. Election of 1912… T.R. decided to run for 3rd term
Convention in Chicago
Roosevelt supporters claimed fraud and didn’t vote
Taft won the nomination
Roosevelt was not giving up…