1. The Expansion of Muslim Rule
EQ: How did the Umayyads effect the Muslim Empire?

2. Who were the Umayyads?

3. The Umayyads
After Muhammad’s death, several groups fought for control of Muslim world
Two Muslim Groups emerge
Shi’a and Sunnis
In 661 Umayyad family won power struggle and built a great empire

4. What land did the Umayyads add to the Muslim Empire?

5. Umayyad Land Additions
East: Persia Central Asia Areas where there were major trade centers
West: North Africa Iberian Peninsula (modern day Spain and Portugal)

6. How did the Umayyads govern their empire?

7. Umayyads Government
Copied Bureaucracy government system used by the Byzantine Empire
Umayyad Caliphs ruled entire empire from their capital city, Damascus

9. Stop! Think/Pair/Share: Share three facts you have learned about the Umayyads with a partner next to you.

10. What is a bureaucracy?

11. Bureaucracy
A system of departments and agencies that carry out the work of the government

12. How did the Umayyads create a unified Empire?

13. Unified Empire
Umayyad Empire included many different peoples and cultures
Took several steps to help unite empire:
Declared Arabic as official language of government - allowing people throughout empire to easily communicate with each other
Introduced one common coin
Coins engraved with Arabic quotations from Qur’an which helped spread Islam

14. How did the Pilgrimage to Mecca also help to Unify the Umayyad Empire?

15. Pilgrimage to Mecca Unifies
As Muslims across huge Muslim empire made their pilgrimage, or hajj, to Mecca they often shared their languages and cultures with one another
This helped encourage a blending of many cultures

16. Stop! Think/Pair/Share: Review Question: How was the vast Muslim Empire able to become united under the Umayyads?

17. What caused the Muslim Empire to split apart?

18. Muslim Empire Splits Apart
Over time Umayyads were accused of being too interested in a life of luxury and power
Groups began to protest Umayyad rule
Another group, the Abbasids, gained support from Muslims

19. Muslim Empire Splits Apart
Abbasids overthrew Umayyads, murdering them
Abd al-Rahman escapes and fled to Spain to re-establish Umayyad Dynasty
Muslim Empire permanently split into eastern and western sections
Western section ruled by surviving Umayyads, Eastern section ruled by Abbasids

20. World Religions
Click here to watch a 2.5 minute video on the spread of the major world religions

21. Summary
On Separate sheet of paper write a 10 Sentence minimum summary answering the FQ with details!
PROVE YOUR ANSWER WITH SUPPORTING FACTS!!!
Remember the FQ was:
EQ: How did the Umayyads effect the Muslim Empire?