1. Reproductive Health

3. Definitions
The endocrine system includes various organs that work together to regulate body functions.
Endocrine Glands: tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
Hormones: Chemical substances that help regulate many of your body’s functions

4. Endocrine system glands
Thyroid gland: Regulates metabolism, body heat, and bone growth
Regulates the way cells release energy from nutrients
Parathyroid: Produces a hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphorus.
Pancreas: Works for both the digestive and endocrine system
They regulate the level of glucose in the blood, also release insulin.

5. Endocrine system glands
Hypothalamus: Links the endocrine system to the nervous system and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete hormones.
Pituitary Gland: Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine glands.
Adrenal Gland: Regulates salt and water balance. Responsible for your emergency response of “fight or flight”

6. Maintaining a Healthy Endocrine System
Eat well balanced meals
Minimize your stress levels
Proper sleep
Teens 8 to 9 hours a night
Regular exercise
Regular medical check-ups
Some endocrine disorders require medication (diabetes is an example)

7. Male Reproductive System
Includes both external and internal organs that allow physically mature males to produce children.
2 main functions of Male Reproductive System
Produce and store sperm. (Reproductive cells) millions are produced each day
Testosterone production, initiates physical changes that signal maturity.
Testosterone also controls the production of sperm

8. External Reproduction Organs
Testes (testicles): 2 small glands that secrete testosterone and produce sperm
Scrotum: External skin sac the testes are located in
Penis: Tube-shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes
Semen: A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system

10. Side View

11. Male Reproduction Ejaculation occurs at the height of sexual arousal.
Seminal fluids leaving the body
Fertilization can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse.
Fertilization is the joining of the male sperm and female egg

12. External continued
Sperm cannot live in temps. higher than the 98.6 degrees.
The scrotum protects the sperm by keeping the testes slightly below normal body temp.
When the body gets warm the scrotum relaxes and lowers away from the body.
When the body gets cold the scrotum tightens and moves the testes closer to the body

13. Internal Organs
Sperm produced in the testes must travel through several structures inside the body before they are released
Structures include
Vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and the Cowper’s gland
Hand out explaining each

14. Maintaining a Healthy Reproductive System
Bathe regularly
Wear protective equipment in sporting events
Practice abstinence
Get regular check-ups

15. Male Reproductive System Problems
Inguinal hernia: Part of the intestine pushes through a tear in the abdominal wall.
Caused by straining the abs by lifting heavy objects.
Symptoms include a lump in the groin area near the thigh, pain in the groin, or blockage of the intestine
Surgery can repair it

16. Male Reproductive System Problems
Sterility: The inability to reproduce, as a result of too few sperm or poor sperm quality.
Causes of sterility include
Hormonal imbalances, exposure to X-rays or radiation, toxic chemicals (lead).
Use of steroids and contracting an STD

17. Male Reproductive System Problems
Testicular Cancer: Most often occurs between the ages of 14 – 40.
If caught early it is treatable through surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy
Prostate Cancer: Prostate gland becomes enlarged as a result of an infection, a tumor, or age.
Early detection increases survival rate, but can be deadly.

18. Female Reproductive Organs
Ovaries: Female sex glands that store the ova (egg) and produce female sex hormones.
Uterus: The hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ that nourishes and protects a fertilized ovum (egg/baby) until birth.
Ovulation: The process of releasing a mature egg into the fallopian tube each month.
Fallopian Tubes: Mature eggs move from the ovary to the uterus through theses tubes

20. Side View