1. ISN pg 174 title: The Battles of World War I
Preview:
What is Militarism? How did it lead to WWI?
Who were the members of the Triple Alliance?
Who were the members of the Triple Entente?
How did the Industrial Revolution lead to WWI?

2. The Battles of the Great War
The War to End All Wars
The Battles of the Great War

3. The Powder Keg in the Balkans
By 1914, Europe was in bad situation: countries had large armies & felt glory could be gained by winning war (militarism), were competitive after years of imperialism & rise of nationalism, had large alliances that might pull all countries into war
After years of fighting for new territory, great tension in Balkans

4. On June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand was assassinated

5. The War Begins
On July 23, Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia:
Either allow Austria-Hungarian officials to investigate the assassination …OR…
Go to war
On July 28,1914 Serbia declined the ultimatum & Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

6. World War 1 Begins
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia & its ally Russia
On August 4, 1914, England declared war on Germany & Austria-Hungary
On July 28,1914, Serbia declined the ultimatum
On August 1, 1914, Germany declared war on Russia
On August 3, 1914, Germany declared war on France
Italy backed out of its agreement with Germany & Austria-Hungary…
…and joined the Allies

7. Recruits of the Central Powers
New French Recruits
Recruits of the Central Powers
A German soldier bays bye to his mother
Austro-Hungarians

9. Schlieffen Plan
Problem: Germany had enemies on both west & east borders
Solution: Germany could defeat France quickly before Russia could enter war; Then fight Russia

10. But…the Germans went AROUND these defenses & attacked through Belgium
The Schlieffen Plan
But…the Germans went AROUND these defenses & attacked through Belgium
France anticipated a German attack & built up defenses between France & Germany

11. Battle of the Marne & Battle of Tannenberg
Meanwhile, Russia mobilized faster than expected, so Germany had to divert troops from France to fight the Russia army
The Schlieffen Plan seemed to be working as the German army had early wins & seemed ready to take Paris
But, English & French saved Paris at the Battle of the Marne
Because France was not taken quickly & Russia got ready too fast, Germany had to abandon the Schlieffen Plan & fight a 2-front war

12. Total War World War 1 became the 1st war to use total war tactics
Governments committed all their nation’s resources & took over industry to win the war
Soldiers were drafted, the media was censored, propaganda was created to support the war
The enemy became the other nation, not just its soldiers

13. Total War
New weapons were introduced: Machine guns, tanks, airplanes, flame throwers, poison gas, blimps, heavy artillery, submarines (u-boats)
To protect themselves from the enemy, both the Allies & Central Powers built trenches
Weapons of War Video (4.48)

14. Realities of War Video

16. Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

18. French Renault Tank

19. U-Boats

20. Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

21. “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917
The Airplane
“Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

22. The Zeppelin

23. Grenade Launchers
Flame Throwers

26. Trench Warfare

27. The soldiers had very little decent food, and what food they had was often attacked by rats.
These rats were the size of small rabbits and badgers because they had fed on the decomposing bodies of dead soldiers.
Trench Foot

28. Would you have “gone over the top”?
“No Man’s Land”
Would you have “gone over the top”?

29. Total War
Trench warfare made it difficult for either side to win a victory
World War I became a war of attrition in which both the Allies & the Central Powers tried to out-last & wear down the enemy

30. Factories on the homefront Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant
French Women Factory Workers
German Women Factory Workers

32. Recruitment Posters

33. Anti-German Propaganda

34. The Great War was a “world war”
France & Germany used African troops
Japan joined to take German colonies in South East Asia
Ottomans allied with Germany
England used Indian troops
Canada, Australia, & New Zealand supported Britain

35. Sikh British Soldiers in India
Turkish Cavalry
Sikh British Soldiers in India
Chinese Soldiers

36. Mapping the Battles of WWI
Identify the Allied Powers & the Central Powers
Draw arrows representing the Schlieffen Plan
Identify the Western Front, Eastern Front

39. But…the Germans went AROUND these defenses & attacked through Belgium
The Schlieffen Plan
But…the Germans went AROUND these defenses & attacked through Belgium
France anticipated a German attack & built up defenses between France & Germany