1. Can you identify most of these symbols
Can you identify most of these symbols? What do they tell us about the society they come from?

3. Old World Civilizations

4. Indus Valley
The Harappan culture existed along the Indus River in what is present day Pakistan.
It was named after the city of Harappa. Harappa and the city of Mohenjo-Daro were important centers of the Indus valley civilization.
This Indus Valley “civilization” flourished around B.C.

5. Old World Civilizations

6. Natural Resources
The Indus Valley contained numerous natural resources that were an important part of Harappan civilization.
Resources included:
Fresh water and timber.
Materials such as gold, silver, semi-precious stones.
Marine resources.

7. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa

8. Aerial View of Mohenjo- Daro

9. Great Bath

10. A Main Street, Mohenjo- Daro

11. Harappan Seals H

12. An interesting one...

14. Aryan Migration pastoral  depended on their cattle.
warriors  horse-drawn chariots.

15. Remember that Proto Indo European language?

17. Sanskrit Nava = Ship…naval raja = ruler…regal
deva = god… devine, devotion
Matar = female family fig…mother
mati = study of #’s…math
trikonmati = High School Math Class…trigonometry

18. The
Vedic
Age
(1500 BCE BCE)

19. The Vedas 1200 BCE-600 BCE. written in SANSKRIT.
Hindu core of beliefs:
hymns and poems.
religious prayers.
magical spells.
lists of the gods and goddesses.
Rig Veda  oldest work.

20. Varna (Social Hierarchy) Pariahs [Harijan]  Untouchables
Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Shudras
Pariahs [Harijan]  Untouchables

21. The foundations for Hinduism were established!
The Vedic Age
The foundations for Hinduism were established!

22. Hinduism

23. Three aspects/powers of the same divine being
Hindu Trinity
Brahma - the Creator
Vishnu - the Preserver
Shiva - the Destroyer
Three aspects/powers of the same divine being

24. Karma - the law of cause and effect; “you reap what you sow”
Basic Beliefs
Karma - the law of cause and effect; “you reap what you sow”
Reincarnation - eternal soul traverses through different bodies till it finds liberation

25. Four Goals of Human Life
Kama – fulfillment of desires
Artha – accumulation of wealth
Dharma – performance of social and religious duties
Moksha – freedom from want

26. Ahimsa
Non violence. Hindues believed that all people and things are aspects of the higher spiritual power, and thus deserve to be respected

27. Jain Ascetics
Jainism rejects the idea that only certain people can perform religious principals. It emphasizes meditation, self denial, and extreme ahimsa

28. Temples provide an atmosphere conducive for spiritual progress
Temple Worship
Temples provide an atmosphere conducive for spiritual progress
Centers of social and cultural activities
Provide a place for collective worship and prayers

29. History of Hinduism Originated between 4000 and 2000 BC
No single founder
Vedas: the oldest scriptures of Hinduism
Veda means “to know”
Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva Veda
Upanishads explain the philosophical ideas in story and dialogue form