1. Warm Up – October 3 Answer the following questions on a post it:
1. What people invaded the western part of the Roman Empire bringing it to an end?
2. How were the new Germanic Kingdoms different than life in Rome?
3. What leader would expand a new empire across western Europe and attempt to unite kingdoms back into an empire?
4. What was the government and the economy of the Middle Ages?
5. Who owned the land in feudalism? Who ran the land in feudalism? Who protected the land? And who worked on the land?

2. The Crusades and The Black Death
Unit 4: Middle ages
The Crusades and The Black Death

3. The Crusades The Crusades What is a crusade?
A holy war involving the journey of thousands of Europeans to reclaim the holy land of Jerusalem in the name of Christianity
In all, there were 8 or 9 Crusades (depending on your source)

4. The Crusades Starts in 1093 and lasts for nearly 300 years
When were the Crusades?
Starts in 1093 and lasts for nearly 300 years

6. The Crusades
Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons
Social: Opportunity to get knights to stop fighting each other and fight a new foe. These knights threatened peace in Europe.
Economic: The Holy Lands of Jerusalem were generally wealthier than Europe and many wanted to get their share of that wealth

7. The Crusades
Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons
Economic: Younger sons who did not stand to inherit father’s property were looking for wealth and adventure
Economic: Merchants supplied loans to finance the journey

8. The Crusades
Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons
Political: A chance for the pope to gain territory instead of Byzantine rival
Spiritual: Fight/die on Crusade = ticket to heaven (Christian contradiction)

9. The Crusades Second Crusade
The Muslim Army under command of Saladin captured Jerusalem again in 1187
The Christians crusade to defeat Saladin and recapture the city

10. The Crusades The Third Crusade
Led by 3 of Europe’s most powerful monarchs
Philip II of France – went home
German Emperor Frederick – drowned on journey

11. The Crusades

12. The Crusades Other attempts 4th Crusade failed to recapture Jerusalem
In the 1200s, four more Crusades were also unsuccessful
The Children’s Crusade

13. The Crusades Effects of the Crusades Example of Church power
Trade expanded between Europe and Southwest Asia
Thousands of knights and other participants lost their lives
Those who survived brought back culture to Europe
Persecution of Jews; thousands were slaughtered because they were infidels
Failure of later crusades lessened the power of the pope
The Crusades weakened the power of the feudal nobility (Knights were dead)
Began a legacy of bitterness and hatred of Christians for the Muslims and vice versa

14. The Crusades
Result: The Crusades were a violation of “Thou Shalt Not Kill.” It was also an example of an abuse of church power. The effects of the Crusades are still felt through that region of the world today.

15. Bubonic Plague 1300s - DEADLY DISEASE
AFFECTED PARTS OF ASIA, NORTH AFRICA, AND EUROPE
DESTROYED SOCIETIES
KILLED ⅓ OF THE POPULATION OF EUROPE

16. Black Death Groups – 4th Period
Group 1 – Gabrielle, Blair
Group 2 – Savannah, Ashlee, Jada
Group 3 – Emma, Ellie, Isleth
Group 4 – Amya, Alexis, Alex
Group 5 – Sean, Ashley H, India
Group 6 – Aryan, Josh, Chris Simons
Group 7 – Ethan, Chris Strickland, Donovan
Group 8 – Alicia, Anna, Zach
Group 9 – Brian, Elmer, Sean
Group 10 – Taylor, Kyndal, Kate
Group 11 – Noah, Da’Shaun, Adam

17. TOD – October 3
Answer the following questions on the same post it as the warm up: