1. Comparing Reproduction Styles
Write down the stuff in RED or BLUE at least…

2. Create this answer blank in your notebook:
1.Honey Bee _______ 2. Pink Salmon _______ 3. Sunflower _______ 4. Leopard Frog _______ 5. Baker’s Yeast _______ 6. Bald Eagle ________ 7. Sea Horse ________ 8. Brittle Star _______ 9. Monarch Butterfly _______ 10. Salmonella _______ 11. Giant Amoeba _______ 12. Coast Redwood ________ 13. Volvox ________ 14. Sand Scorpion _______ 15. Flat Back Sea Turtle ______ 16. Grizzly Bear ______ 17. Earthworm _______ 18. Whiptail Lizard ________ 19. Strawberry ________ 20. Red Kangaroo _______ 21. Saguaro Cactus ________ S S S A S S B S A A B A S S S S A B S S
22. The organisms that reproduce asexually are usually simple (single-celled) or other simple organisms.
23. If there is no mate, or if it needs to reproduce very quickly, then it will reproduce asexually.

4. Vocabulary
Variation: differences Efficient: Working well with no waste Offspring: babies sexual: two organisms reproducing asexual: without sex sperm: male sex cell egg: female sex cell

5. WHY Reproduction?
Organisms (plants, animals, bacteria) all want to live long enough and be healthy enough to reproduce and pass their traits on to the next generation.

6. REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Reproduction is the creation of new individuals from existing individuals
This can happen in two ways:
SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

8. Make this chart in your notes
Sexual Repro
Asexual Repro
# of Parents
Offspring Variation
Speed
Energy Required
Efficient?

9. Sexual Reproduction Most people know how this happens
Male parent cell +
female parent cell
Half (50%) of the genetic information from each parent
Some organisms have both male and female parts (eg. Worms, trees, flowers, some fish)

10. Sexual Reproduction - Advantages
Big advantage to sexual reproduction is that the offspring will NOT be the same as the parents.
Since only ½ of the genetic blueprint comes from each parent, VARIATION is high.
Some offspring can mutate to survive better than their parents cannot

11. Sexual Reproduction - Disadvantages
Takes lots of energy to form sex cells: eggs/sperm/pollen/
special structures
Takes lots of time to locate a mate, then convince that mate that “you are the one”
Is not very efficient – many sperm cells are wasted

12. Examples of Sexual Reproduction:
Mammals
Birds
Fish
Insects
Plants that produce pollen
Pollen is plant sperm
If it has flowers = sexual
reproduction

13. Fill in the “Sexual” half of your chart
Sexual Repro
Asexual Repro
# of Parents 2
Offspring Variation
(How much alike are parents and babies?)
High Medium None
Speed
(How relatively fast is this type?)
Fast Medium Slow
Energy Required
(How much energy is required for making structures or special cells?)
High Medium Slow
Efficient?
(How many cells actually turn into offspring?)
High Medium Low

14. Asexual Reproduction Asexual means without sex Only one parent
100% of genetic information is passed, so offspring are identical
Since one cell = one baby, this method is fast and efficient

15. Some Common Forms of Asexual Reproduction:
Budding
Stolons
Fragmentation
Regeneration
Binary Fission (split in 2)
Click above to watch some asexual reproduction in action

16. Budding Offspring grows out of the body of the parent.
Offspring breaks off when it is mature enough.
Example: Hydra
Tulips
Hydra
Tulips
Yeast

17. Stolons Plants that are in a good location send out a runner
This runner becomes a new plant that can be separated
Eg. strawberries,
Aspen – largest organism

18. Fragmentation Parent breaks into pieces
Each piece can regenerate to produce an offspring
Example: Planaria – divides down the middle

19. Regeneration
If a piece of a parent is detached, it can re-grow the detached part to become whole again.
The detached portion can also re-grow the missing parts to become whole again
Example: Sea Stars

20. Binary Fission Binary means 2 Fission means split Happens mostly in
simple, single celled
organisms
Example: bacteria

21. Man-Made Asexual Reproduction
Grafting
Cloning

22. Grafting Done only with human intervention
A tree trunk is grafted onto healthy root stock.
Eg: Apple Trees

23. Cloning
A human takes an egg cell from a donor female and a somatic (i.e. skin) cell from a second donor, then places the nucleus of the somatic cell into the egg cell.
The human implants the “complete” embryo into a third surrogate mother, then the embryo develops and is born like a regular baby.
Eg: Dolly the Sheep

24. Fill in the “Asexual” half of your chart
Sexual Repro
Asexual Repro
# of Parents
Offspring Variation
(How much alike are parents and babies?)
High Medium None
Speed
(How relatively fast is this type?)
Fast Medium Slow
Energy Required
(How much energy is required for making structures or special cells?)
High Medium Slow
Efficient?
(How many cells actually turn into offspring?)
High Medium Low 1

25. Copy these vocabulary terms:
Monday, March 13
Copy these vocabulary terms:
Genes: segment of DNA
Alleles: two options of a gene on the same spot on a chromosome (Mm)
Traits: Characteristic
Genotype: DNA code for a trait
Phenotype: how it looks (photo)
Punnett Square: diagram used to find out genotype if you cross two organisms