1. Scan Sampling Time Animal and Behavior 1200
3 running, 2 sitting, 1 drinking, 1 lying
1210
1 running, 2 walking, 1 sitting
1220
3 running, 1 sitting
1230
2 running, 3 walking, 1 drinking
1240
3 walking, 2 sitting, 1 lying
1250
2 sitting, 1 lying, 4 walking
1300
4 running, 2 sitting, 1 lying

2. Scan Sampling 13 running / hr 10 sitting / hr 12 walking / hr
3 lying / hr
2 drinking / hr
41 animals / hr
0.32 running / hr
0.25 sitting / hr
0.30 walking / hr
0.08 lying / hr
0.05 drinking / hr

3. Focal Animal Sampling 15 min focal sampling on individual animal
4 animals / hr
0.38 running / hr
0.15 sitting / hr
0.28 walking / hr
0.13 lying / hr
0.04 drinking / hr
0.04 jumping / hr

4. Data in proportions Data from scans 0.32 running / hr
0.25 sitting / hr
0.30 walking / hr
0.08 lying / hr
0.05 drinking / hr
n = 41
Data from focals
0.38 running / hr
0.15 sitting / hr
0.28 walking / hr
0.13 lying / hr
0.04 drinking / hr
0.04 jumping / hr
n = 4

5. Compare scans v. focals for common behavior and rare behavior.
Common behavior : running
Rare behavior: drinking
Scan: running 0.32 / hr, n = 41
Focal: running 0.38 / hr , n=4

6. Z-test for proportions
Abs[ 0.32 – 0.38]
SQRT((0.32(0.68)/41) + (0.38(0.62)/4)
Z =
0.06
Z =
= 0.24
From Table Z = P = 0.405
No difference between scans and focal
Sampling for common behaviors