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Topic Maps - an introduction

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1 Topic Maps - an introduction
by Dino Karabeg Based on Steve Pepper: Topic Maps. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

2 Inf5909ssw-kf Motivation 1 Yr. 1950 Yr. 2000 The Web The Computer
Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

3 Inf5909ssw-kf Motivation 2 Now Earlier
Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

4 Design ways in which knowledge is organized and created
Our goal Design ways in which knowledge is organized and created Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

5 Lecture Plan Introduction to Topic Maps
Five questions about (the future of) Topic Maps Topic Maps and Knowledge Federation - Dialog Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

6 Topic Maps The main idea ... REAL WORLD INFORMATION Subject Topic
People think in terms of metaphors. Subject Topic ... Documents Dino Karabeg, University of Oslo REAL WORLD INFORMATION

7 Topic Maps Brief history Puccini Tosca La Scala NY 42nd Str Tosca
Is composed by Puccini Tosca Is performed in La Scala Is located in NY 42nd Str Steve R. Newcomb Tosca People think in terms of metaphors. Has opening hours Dino Karabeg, University of Oslo 4 pm - 01 am S. Newcomb, M. Biezunski and M. Bryan, 2000: ISO13250 S. Pepper and G. Moore, 2001: XTM 2003 Extended ISO TM standard

8 Topic Maps Standards ISO/IEC 13250-2, Topic Maps Data Model
ISO/IEC , Topic Maps XML Syntax ISO/IEC , Topic Maps Canonicalization ISO/IEC , Topic Maps Reference Model ISO/IEC , Topic Maps Compact Syntax SO/IEC , Topic Maps Graphical Notation ISO/IEC 18048, Topic Maps Query Language TOMQL ISO/IEC 19076, Topic Maps Constraint Language, TOMCL ISO/IEC Expressing Dublin Core Metadata using Topic Maps Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

9 Topic Maps Core Concepts Subject Topic Collocation objective
Subject centricity Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

10 Subject Identity Subject (Puccini) Subject identifier Topic (Puccini)
Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer, b. Lucca 22nd Dec. 1858, d. Bruxelles 29th Nov Best known for his operas ... Subject identifier Topic (Puccini) Subject indicator Subject identifiers Subject indicators Subject locators Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

11 Topics, Associations and Occurrences
Topics represent subjects Associations represent relationships Occurrences link resources to topics Each of these can be typed Topics have names People think in terms of metaphors. University of Oslo Knowledge Federation

12 Associations Topic types (composer, opera, city)
Association types (composed by, born in) Association role types (person, place, work, author) Association types type-instance and supertype-subtype have pre-defined semantics. Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

13 Occurrences ... Resources Topic
Occurrence types (biography, date of birth, synopsis, map). ‘Aboutness’ - a particular relationship Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

14 Ontologies Person Subtype of Typing topics Composer Born in
Instance of Topics Puccini Documents Typing topics represent an ontology A topic map may contain its ontology Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

15 Scope Expresses the context of validity of an assertion (name, occurrence or association) Expressed as a set of topics which qualify a statement Ex. English vs. Italian language Reification Turning a statement into a subject (topic) Ex. “Tosca takes place in Rome ” as subject for classifying S. Nicassio’s book “Tosca’s Rome” Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

16 XTM 1.0 Syntax Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

17 Constraint Language TMCL
Query Language TMQL SELECT expressions with FOR, WHERE, ORDER BY and RETURN clauses FLWR expressions, with FOR, WHERE, ORDER BY and RETURN clauses and Path expressions, similar to XML Xpath Constraint Language TMCL Defines a language for expressing ontology-based constraints Ex. “All topics of type ‘composer’ must play the role of ‘composer’ in at least one ‘composed by association.” Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

18 Examples of Application
Omnigator Italian Opera Topic Map Apollon, UiO Topic Maps-based digital library Topic Mapping the National Curriculum eGovernment Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

19 An Example Student Project
Create a Topic-Maps -based prototype of an information infrastructure for organizing the knowledge resources in an academic discipline. People think in terms of metaphors. University of Oslo Knowledge Federation

20 Thanks! Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo


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