1. Renewable and Non Renewable Energy Sources
Grade 9 Science

2. WE DO NOT INHERIT THE EARTH FROM OUR PARENTS, WE BORROW IT FROM OUR CHILDREN.” CHIEF SEATTLE

3. Earth is a Spaceship. As we orbit the sun through space, we carry with us a limited supply of air, fresh water, coal, oil and natural gas. All of our trash and pollution must stay with us on board our spaceship.

4. What is Energy
Energy is the ability to do work, the ability to exert a force on an object to move it.

5. What is Renewable Energy
What is Renewable Energy? Renewable sources of energy are those which are not exhaustible, such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, hydroelectric energy and biomass energy.

6. What is Non-Renewable Energy?
Non-renewable sources of energy can be used up or depleted; they include fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas) and nuclear energy sources.

7. What are the benefits of renewable power?
Helping to keep our air clean
Potential to reduce the production of carbon dioxide -- a leading contributor to global climate change
Establishing Canada as a world leader and exporter of renewable power technologies
Reducing dependence on imported oil

8. Sustainability means that we make sure we meet our needs now without preventing future generations from meeting theirs.

9. Energy and the Environment
It is impossible to collect or to consume energy without causing certain changes to the environment. The effects of recovering and using energy are far-reaching and can be seen at each stage of the energy cycle, from methods of extracting resources to the ways in which these resources are transported and used for heating, lighting, transportation and manufacturing.

10. Major Sources of Energy

11. Petroleum
Formed from organic deposits that become hydrocarbons under the effects of accumulated sediments and growing temperatures
It takes millions of years to form
Provides high quality source of energy.
Refined into gasoline, diesel, and other fuels.
Easily transported.
Primarily used for transportation, heating, and industrial processes.

12. Petroleum ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Cheap Versatile
Causes air pollution – contributes to the greenhouse effect
Transportation is hazardous to the environment
Non-renewable resource

13. Natural Gas
Very high quality energy source used primarily for heating (space and water) and industrial purposes.
Natural gas is the primary raw material for nitrogen fertilizer.

14. Natural Gas ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Cheap
The least harmful fuel in terms of the environment since it releases less CO2 during combustion
DISADVANTAGES
Difficult / Dangerous to handle
Large pipeline networks for transportation have an impact on the environment.
Non-renewable

15. Nuclear
Derived from the controlled breakdown of fissionable materials such as uranium.
Heat generated from this process drives steam turbines which in turn produce electricity.
The CANDU reactor is now used in Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and six other countries to produce electricity.

16. Nuclear ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Expensive technology
Fuel is plentiful
Produces no hydrocarbon by-products
DISADVANTAGES
Expensive technology
Produces long-lived radioactive waste

17. Hydro - Electric
                                  
This is produced by turbine generators driven by the force of falling water.
Hydro-electricity is used for residential. Agriculture and industry needs.

18. Hydro - Electric ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Cheap Clean Less versatile
Flooding of immense expanses of land profoundly affect the environment.
Limited geographically

19. Solar Solar produces either thermal energy or electricity.
Primarily used for space heating and water heating.
Current costs high, however new technology in future expected to lower costs.

20. Solar ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Very clean – no waste produced
Plentiful
DISADVANTAGES
Undependable (seasonal effects)
Non-versatile expensive electricity
Visual pollution in the landscape

21. Wind Wind energy is obtained from moving air.
Very clean, but requires a significant investment in equipment “up front”.

22. Wind ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Clean – no waste produced “Renewable”
Undependable
Limited geographically (to windy areas
Visual pollution

23. BioMass
Solar energy that has been captured by vegetation and stored in matter can be used as fuel.
Wood, wood chips even garbage can be incinerated and the heat used to produce steam to heat office buildings.

24. BioMass ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Uses waste products Cheap
Plant combustion releases CO2 into the atmosphere contributing to global warming
Expensive to transport biomass

25. GeoThermal
This energy technology taps heat from deep below the earth’s surface to superheat steam used to drive turbines.

26. GeoThermal ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Clean Limited geographically
Noise pollution (release of high-pressure steam
Considerable local climatic changes with the release of heat
Potential release of toxic products from underground deposits.