1. Bellringer: 11/28 and 11/29 1. Pick up the papers at the door.
2. Study for your quiz for 5 minutes.

2. After your quiz: 1. Turn your quiz into the class drawer.
2. Update your ToC:
Page 57: Quiz – Greek Forms of Gov’t/Athens v. Sparta
Page 58: Notes – Golden Age of Athens
3. Write down your HW:
Start studying for your Persian Wars/Golden Age quiz on FRIDAY 12/2 (1st and 2nd) and MONDAY 12/5 (6th).
4. Consider the question below. Have an answer ready for discussion.
What does a civilization need in order to experience a “Golden Age”?

3. The Golden Age of Athens
Ms. Allen Pre-AP WHI

4. The Start of the Golden Age
The Persian Wars ( BC) were decisive in the history of the West.
Greece wins!
Had the Greeks been defeated, the cultural and political vitality we associate and inherit from the Greeks would never have evolved.
The confidence and pride from these victories propelled Greece and Athens, in particular, to its “Golden Age.”

5. Setting the Stage for the Golden Age
477 to 431 BC:
Intellectual & artistic learning greatly increased
During the GOLDEN AGE:
Drama, sculpture, poetry, science architecture, philosophy, etc. is promoted and advances in Greece

6. Enter Pericles: Who is he?
Pericles = central political figure in Athens during the Golden Age
More “behind the scenes” influence
Makes Athens a cultural center
Developed public works (Parthenon)

8. How did Pericles earn credibility as a ruler?
Leader of a faction of government that favored spreading democracy at home and abroad.
Spread democracy in Athens
He also stressed including all classes in democracy
Fought in the Battle of Salamis

9. What role did Pericles play in Athenian government
What role did Pericles play in Athenian government? How did he further this role?
Expanded involvement of Athenians in democracy.
Lower class citizens eligible for office
Generals could be reelected without limit (helped him stay in power.

10. Politics and Government:
Three main bodies:
Assembly- all citizens eligible to take part in government
The Council of 500- wrote the laws that would be voted on by the Assembly
Complex Court Systems - 6,000 people from the Assembly would hear trials and sentence criminals.
The Archon- served as chief of state (9 elected)
Head of both the Council of 500 and Assembly, elected for one year term

11. Politics and Government: Definition of Athenian Citizen
Who was a citizen? Only landowning free men over 30 who completed military training.
Only about 10% of population could participate in government affairs.
Vote in all elections
Serve in office if elected
Serve on juries
Serve in military during war

12. Politics and Government: Overview of Athenian Democracy
Important Aristocrats (Noblemen)
Draco- reformed laws
He believed that harsh punishment would solve unrest. Rich/Poor gap grew!
Solon- revised Draco’s laws
Overturn harshest laws:
Debt Slavery abolished
Allowed ALL men to participate in the Assembly, not all can hold office.
Peisistratus – tyrannical ruler
Tyrant- seized power by force
Cleisthenes- wanted to reduce aristocratic power
created the Council of 500 to break up aristocratic family power
“Early in its history, Athens was ruled by several kings.” page 135 It’s first King was the mythical Theseus (from the Minotaur Tale), or his father Agesus. “Later the kings were replaced by aristocrats who had both money and power.” page 135
Peisistratus was an interesting guy. Attempts to power> (1) Claimed Aristocracy beat him up (Failed), (2) Marriage alliance (Failed), (3) Mercenaries hired (Success)>>> He ruled for 20 years and died of natural causes. Policies: Economy improves, Patron of the Arts: Iliad and Odyssey written during his reign.
Sons: Hippias and Hipparchus

13. Greek Drama Two kinds: Tragedies and comedies
Tragedies - stories of human suffering; usually ended in disaster.
Tragic writers: Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides
Comedies, humorous plays that mocked people or customs.
Comedic writers: Aristophanes

14. Famous Greek Playwrights
Comedy:
Aristophanes (Lysistrata)
Tragedy:
Aeschylus (Oresteia)
Sophocles (Oedipus Rex)
Euripides

15. Characteristics of Plays
Comedy
Use of grotesque masks and obscene jokes to entertain.
Tragedy
Contained a suffering hero and usually ended in disaster.

16. Purpose or Agenda of Plays
Criticizing the government
Address contemporary social issues.
Good and evil
Conflict between spiritual values and demands of the state

17. Art
Statues very lifelike and active.

18. What were the techniques that made Greek sculpture unique?
Frequently focused on nude figures
More flexible style.
Faces showed feeling and attitude
Ideal standard of beauty in figures.
Ideal proportions found through mathematical ratios.
Athens:
As designed,
As seen today.

19. History & Science History
Herodotus = “first historian” or “father of history”
Thucydides showed the need to avoid bias.
Medicine
Hippocrates & the Hippocratic Oath – all patients must be treated regardless of class

20. End is near: Golden Age isn’t all golden
Athens’ growth and achievement and $$$ alarmed other city-states in Greece.
City-states felt threatened by Athens’ imperial attitude.