1. FORCE FOR CHANGE, . . .BUT FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE?
slide 1
Nationalism
FORCE FOR CHANGE, . . .BUT FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE?

2. Factors of Nationalism
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Factors of Nationalism
When people had these 4 characteristics in common, they were a ‘nation’.
Language
Culture
History
Religion
‘Nations’--groups of people with these characteristics in common--who ruled themselves were called nation-states.
Can you think of examples of nations that are not nation-states?

3. Nationalism and government
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Nationalism and government
Belief that one’s loyalty should not go to an individual ruler, but to the nation itself.
Nationalists thought people with same language and culture were a nation and they should rule themselves.
How do these ideas reflect the ideas and events of the French Revolution?

4. Nationalism and Independence
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Several ‘nations’ fought for, and sometimes won self-rule, among which were:
Greece (from the Ottoman Empire) --SUCCESS
Belgium (from the Netherlands) --SUCCESS
Poland (from Russia, etc.) --NOT a SUCCESS at this time
Hungary (from the Austrian Empire) --NOT at this time
Czechs (from the Austrian Empire) --NOT at this time
Which of the above is in the general region of the Balkans?

5. slide 5
Welcome to THE BALKANS!

6. Bienvenue a la Belgique!
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Bienvenue a la Belgique!

7. Nationalist Unification Movements
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Nationalist Unification Movements
Italy
Sardinia = center for adding territory, etc.
Camillo di Cavour = ‘brains’, Victor Emmanuel II as figure-head/king.
Starts in 1850s
Ends 1866 (Italy on winning side of Austro-Prussian War, gained Venetia).
Germany
By Prussia
Otto von Bismarck = ‘brains’, Kaiser Wilhelm I (1st) as figure-head, or titular leader.
Started with Austro-Prussian war, 1866.
Achieved in 1870 via Franco-Prussian War