1. Perspectives on Gender and Socialization: a challenge to men
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

2. Gender and Socialization
Introduction
The present context,
Gender relations, patriarchy,
Transformation agenda,
Societal values,
Commitment, constitution, transformation,
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

3. Defining socialization
Transference,
shared community values, norms and standards,
Education,
Initiation,
orientation
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

4. Institutions of socialization
Family- e.g. use of colours; toys; chores,
School- e.g. chores; subjects; ‘pregnancy’
“in group” – rites of passage,
“out group” – belonging to a group,
Religion – role definitions, women as leaders
media, - manner in which women are projected
Traditional Inst., e.g. koma;
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

5. Today’s Situation Gender transformation remains a challenge,
Some gains, but many challenges,
Most countries SA incl. have signed international conventions affirming this position,
SADC protocol on gender equality,
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

6. How Did We Get Here? Assumptions about culture,
Rigid / dynamic,
Traditions embedded in culture,
Traditional practices should be life enhancing, (‘Botho/Ubuntu’)
Practices should be about building community,
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

7. How Did We Get Here? Colonial era, Industrialization,
Discovery of gold and diamonds and its implications,
Urbanization,
Apartheid,
Democracy
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

8. Culture & Tradition Culture is dynamic not static, Evolves with time,
Is about enhancement of life,
Is affirming,
Is about building and growth,
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

9. How Did We Get Here? Anecdotal evidence, Distortion of Culture,
Undermining,
power abuse,
Culture adapts to challenges
AmaZulu and ukusoma,
Polygamy
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

10. Culture & Traditions Harmful traditional practices; Child marriages,
‘Fathers-in-Law’ – ‘daughters-in-Law’,
‘Ukungena’
FGM
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

11. Harmful traditional practices
Fertility obligations,
Having sex with brother or relative for procreation,
Sexual enhancement portions,
Implications for HIV/AIDS,
‘ubusoka’ / ‘isigwadi’ / ‘isishimane’,
Not just about relations, more about sex (myths about not being active)
Virginity testing
Implications for HR, STI’s, HIV,
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

12. Available Options Models; Bafokeng Queen Modjadji et al,
KwaZulu Natal experiences,
Contradictions?
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

13. Possibilities
Harmonization of Constitutional democratic provisions with Customary practices,
Presidential ‘Izimbizo’s’
Ward committee systems,
African renaissance
Legal framework
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

14. Challenges Harmonizing culture with democratic processes,
Developing focused men’s forums,
Creating synergies between women and men on gender issues,
Towards an integrated approach,
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE

15. Way forward Review gender policy to include work with men,
Lobby for GFP to be at correct / influential level,
Explore role that Arts & Culture can play to place this matter on the agenda,
Social cohesion process / Moral Communities,
Deepen links between gov. & civil society initiatives,
Carry through this approach to service delivery,
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

16. Conclusion
Traditional institutions can play a significant role in development,
This will allow culture to grow,
Will help deal with challenge of poverty and joblessness,
Will enhance status of women,
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Bafana Khumalo - CGE

17. Re a leboga, Siyabonga, Dankie, Thank you.
11/16/2018
Bafana Khumalo - CGE