1. Imperialism

2. Forms of Imperialism Colony – foreign power directly controls area
Protectorate – indigenous government kept as long as long as it did what the foreign power wanted
Puppet government
Sphere of Influence – foreign power rules through exclusive trade agreements

3. North Africa French involvement Algeria Tunisia – taken in 1881
Starting in 1830’s it takes France over 10 years and 100,000 soldiers to control Algeria
Opposed by Abd al Qadir
Tunisia – taken in 1881
Morocco – sticking point, but taken by 1905
1,000,000 French in North Africa by 1905

4. Abd al Qadir

5. French in Algeria

6. North Africa British Involvement Egypt – Suez Canal finished in 1869
Egyptian government sells land to England to pay for debt.
People don’t like this and revolt against Egyptian government
England seizes Suez Canal
Sudan – taken in 1889
French claim it too – compromise: British will recognize French claim to Morocco and keep Sudan

7. Suez Canal

8. Suez Canal

9. North Africa Italian Involvement
1911 – takes Libya from Ottoman Empire
Checked with England and France
Not difficult
Vindication after loss in Ethiopia

10. Sub-Saharan Africa West Africa Europe trading since 1700’s
“Triangular Trade”
Europeans push inward in 1870’s

11. Triangular Trade

12. Berlin Conference of 1884 European Powers break up Africa
Conference Resolution

13. Imperialization of Africa

14. Sub-Saharan Africa Independent States Liberia Ethiopia
Founded in 1822 by James Monroe
Freedmen could return to Africa
Protected by USA
Ethiopia
Attacked by Italy
King Menelik unites tribes and crushes Italians
No other country tries

15. King Menelik

16. South Africa First settled by Dutch
Afrikaners – Dutch settlers
Boers – Dutch farmers
Became English possession after Napoleonic Wars
Outlaw slavery – Boers are NOT happy
Afrikaners move inland – Orange Free State and Transvaal

17. South Africa

18. South Africa Boer War of 1899 1910 – Union of South Africa formed
English defeat the Afrikaners
Ban slavery, but state that indigenous population can not participate in government
1910 – Union of South Africa formed
Unites all the territories
Apartheid is put in place
African National Congress (ANC) starts in 1912
Nelson Mandela leads movement against apartheid (1961)
Imprisoned for 26 years on Robben Island ( )
Released and becomes first indigenous president of South Africa ( )

19. Latin America Remember “Conquistadors”? Mostly Economic Imperialism
United Fruit Company
Started by Minor Keith
Controls the rail-lines and therefore the banana trade in several countries
Use these resources to convince, with USA governmental support, Latin American governments

20. Minor Keith

21. Latin America United Fruit Company called “El Pulpa”
monopolized the banana trade
exploited workers
aided small dictatorships known as “banana republics.”

22. “El Pulpa”

23. United Fruit Company

24. Latin America Teddy Roosevelt Adds corollary to Monroe Doctrine
USA could intervene to stop “chronic wrongdoing” through out the western hemisphere
Used to meddle in Latin American affairs

25. Roosevelt Corollary

26. Modern Imperialism Does Imperialism exist today? Economic? Cultural?
Colonialism?