1. The Diversity of Cells HO#__3__C
Bellringer:
Cells remain small because their surface area:_________ ratio must stay balanced.

2. Cells and the Cell Theory
Robert Hooke
1665
Cork
Saw “little boxes” AKA cells
Plants and fungi
Cell walls
Living cells
“juicy”

3. Finding Cells in Other Organisms
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
1673
Pond scum
Animalcules
“little animals”
Animal blood
Difference in cell make-up
Bacteria
Yeast
Discovered it makes bread rise…Yummo!

4. The Cell Theory Schwann- 1839 Virchow- 1858
All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of all living things
Virchow- 1858
All cells come from existing cells.
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5. Cell Size Supersize Please Value size Egg yolk is one large cell
Most cells are microscopic
Why???
Must have surface area to volume ratio
Bigger cell = more food/wastes
Surface area grows slower than volume
Not enough nutrients in and not enough wastes out!!
We get a big useless blob!!!

6. Parts of a Cell Cell Membrane (AKA: North Pole Walls and Guard Elves)
Protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier
Cytoplasm (AKA: A bowl full of jelly)
Fluid inside the cell
Organelles (AKA: the elves)
Perform functions inside the cell
Genetic Material (AKA: Santa)
All cells have DNA at some point
Controls activities of a cell
Kept in a nucleus (AKA: Santa’s Office)
only in Eukaryotes
Humans- nucleus
Bacteria- no nucleus

7. Two Kinds of Cells
Prokaryotes- single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
Two Types
Bacteria
Archae

8. Bacteria Single celled Smallest cells known Live anywhere Flagella DNA
Capsule
Ribosomes
Pilus
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall

9. Archae Single Celled No Nucleus Has: Three types Ribosomes DNA
Cell membrane
Three types
Heat loving
extremophile
Salt loving
Methane-making

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cells
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Largest cells
10 times larger than bacteria
Still microscopic
Have a nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
Many are multi-cellular
Examples
Animals
Plants
Some protists
Amoeba
Green algae
Fungi
Yeast
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Body
Cell membrane

11. What do you know??
What are two differences between a Eukaryotic cell and a Prokaryotic cell?