1. Intro to Microscopes and Cells
Mrs. Stewart
Biology I

2. Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Conceptual Strand 1
All living things are made of cells that perform functions necessary for life.
Objective:
Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

3. Face partners: choose:

4. What is biology?
Bio logy
Life
Study of

5. Characteristics of Life
Cells and Organization
Homeostasis
Response to Stimuli
Metabolism
Growth and Development
Reproduction
Changes over time (adaptation)
***Organisms must have all seven characteristics in order to be considered alive***

6. History of the Cell Theory
Before microscopes, people thought diseases were caused by curses and the supernatural.

7. How were cells discovered?

8. Robert Hooke
Used an “early” Light Microscope to observe dead “cells” in bark of a Cork Oak tree
He coined the term “cells” because he described what he saw as “many little boxes” that reminded him of the cubicles, or cells, where monks live.

9. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek-
Made microscopes – able to grind lenses to increase magnification to 10x Hooke’s microscope
First to observe living cells
Spyrogyra genus – type of algae
Termed them Animalcules (protists)

10. 3 types of microscopes
Light microscope – uses light to view a specimen
Scanning electron microscope –uses electrons to scan the surface of cells to determine 3D structure
Transmission electron microscope – uses electrons that pass through specimen to study structures within.

11. Importance of Microscopes
Allowed scientists to begin observing and studying:
the “unseen” world or microorganisms
Cells and organelle structures and functions
Helped to clarify the definition of “life”

12. Partner Teaching Dogs:
Explain to your monkey the important contribution of microscopes

13. Partner Teaching Monkeys:
Tell your dog the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope

14. Partner Teaching Dogs:
Tell your monkey the difference between a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope

15. Bell Work #1
Which type of microscope took these pictures?

16. Bell Work #2
Which type of microscope took these pictures?

17. Cells Basic units of structure and function for all living things
Every organism consists of at least one cell
Structures/shapes relate directly to their function

18. The cell theory All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
Matthias Schleiden – plants
Theodor Schwann – animals
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism
Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells
Rudolf Virchow

19. Partner Teaching
Monkeys:
Tell your dog the 3 rules of the cell theory

20. 2 main types of cells

21. Prokaryote Eukaryote No membrane-bound nucleus. Has a nucleoid space
No membrane-bound organelles
Has ribosomes
DNA = one circular chromosome & plasmids
One cell organisms
Bacteria & archaeabacteria
Has a nucleus
Has membrane-bound organelles
DNA = many chromosomes
Usually Multi--cellular organisms
Protists – single cell eukaryotes

22. DNA in nucleoid & plasmids
Prokaryotes
Bacteria
Archaeabacteria
One celled
DNA in nucleoid & plasmids
Ribosomes

23. Eukaryotes Plants, Animals and Protists
One celled Protists and multicellular organisms
DNA in nucleus
Many organelles

24. Partner Teaching
DOGS: tell your monkey what to look for to determine if an organism is a prokaryote

25. Partner Teaching Monkeys:
Tell your dogs what to look for in an organism to determine if it is an Eukaryote.

26. Complete the Venn Diagram
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes

27. Exit Ticket
If I said I was making a jello mold of a cell, and I was planning to use a marshmallow for the nucleus, which cell am I making.
Choose an answer from the following:
Bacteria
Archaebacteria
Eukaryote
Prokaryote