1. Section 2-4: Cellular Respiration
Essential Question
How is the energy in glucose and oxygen used to produce water, carbon dioxide, and cellular energy in the form of ATP?
Learning Target
Use the chemical equation for cellular respiration to explain how energy stored in food molecules provides energy to the cell.
Section 2-4: Cellular Respiration

2. announcements Section 2 Test Scheduled for this Friday: 6/8/18
Section 2 Stamp Sheet due Friday 6/8/18
Class Syllabus due Friday 6/8/18
Pink Document due Friday 6/8/18

3. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

4. Cellular respiration is a process that turns FOOD INTO ENERGY.
overview
Cellular respiration is a process that turns FOOD INTO ENERGY.

5. When we eat food, it is broken down to ________ .
overview
glucose
When we eat food, it is broken down to ________ .
glucose

6. Cellular respiration is aerobic respiration because it needs ____ .
overview
oxygen
Cellular respiration is aerobic respiration because it needs ____ .
oxygen

7. When we breathe, we take in ______ .
overview
oxygen
When we breathe, we take in ______ .
oxygen

8. _____ _______ happens in mitochondria
overview
Cellular respiration
_____ _______ happens in mitochondria
Cellular
Respiration

9. overview
3 Steps
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

10. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

11. Formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

12. Formula
? + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

13. GLUCOSE+ 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Formula
GLUCOSE+ 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

14. GLUCOSE+ 6 ?  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Formula
GLUCOSE+ 6 ?  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

15. GLUCOSE+ 6OXYGEN  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Formula
GLUCOSE+ 6OXYGEN  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

16. Formula
GLUCOSE+ 6OXYGEN  6? + 6? + ?

17. GLUCOSE+ 6OXYGEN  6CARBON DIOXIDE + 6WATER + ATP
Formula
GLUCOSE+ 6OXYGEN  6CARBON DIOXIDE + 6WATER + ATP

18. FORMULA
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

19. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

20. _____ happens in the cytoplasm.
Step 1: glycolysis
glycolysis
_____ happens in the cytoplasm.
Glycolysis

21. Glycolysis needs _______ .
Step 1: glycolysis
Glycolysis needs _______ .
glucose

22. It does not need _______ .
Step 1: glycolysis
oxygen
It does not need _______ .
oxygen

23. Step 1: glycolysis
Glycolysis
Glucose + lysis
= breaking of glucose

24. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

25. How it works: glycolysis
Step 1
You need 2 ATP to start the reaction.

26. How it works: glycolysis
Step 2
Glucose is split into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid

27. How it works: glycolysis
Step 3
The electrons from glucose breaking causes
2 NAD+  2 NADH

28. How it works: glycolysis
Step 4
2 NADH sent to the ETC

29. How it works: glycolysis
Step 5
Pyruvic acid produces 4 ATP
Net gain of 2 ATP

30. How it works: glycolysis

31. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

32. If there is O 2 glycolysis, then cellular respiration continues.
After glycolysis
If there is O 2 glycolysis, then cellular respiration continues.

33. aerobic respiration = needs O 2
After glycolysis
aerobic respiration = needs O 2

34. After glycolysis
If there is not enough O 2 then glycolysis takes place over and over again (fermentation).

35. anaerobic respiration = No O 2
After glycolysis
anaerobic respiration = No O 2

36. anaerobic respiration
After glycolysis
anaerobic respiration
VERSUS
aerobic respiration

37. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

38. Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is fermentation

39. Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation when energy is made from food when there is no O 2

40. Anaerobic respiration
2 Types
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcohol Fermentation

41. Anaerobic respiration
Alcohol Fermentation
Breaks down pyruvic acid
Makes alcohol and CO2 gas
Performed by yeast cells
Causes bread dough to rise
C O 2 bubbles

42. Anaerobic respiration
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Breaks down pyruvic acid
Makes lactic acid
Occurs in muscle cells
Causes muscles to be sore
Lactic acid

43. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

44. Electron Transport Chain
STEP 2: KREBS CYCLE
Glucose (C6H1206) +
Oxygen (02)
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2) +
Water
(H2O)
If you have O 2 after glycolysis, cellular respiration continues to the Krebs Cycle.

45. ___ ___ happens in mitochondria
STEP 2: KREBS CYCLE
Krebs Cycle
___ ___ happens in mitochondria
Krebs Cycle

46. It needs __________ _____ .
STEP 2: KREBS CYCLE
Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic
It needs __________ _____ .
Acid

47. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

48. How it works: Krebs cycle
Step 1
Pyruvic acid travels from the cytoplasm and enters the mitochondria

49. How it works: Krebs cycle
Step 2
Pyruvic acid is broken down to produce CO 2

50. How it works: Krebs cycle
Step 3
ATP is produced from ADP

51. How it works: Krebs cycle
Step 4
NADH is produced from NAD+

52. How it works: Krebs cycle
Step 5
FADH 2 is produced from FAD

53. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

54. Electron Transport Chain
STEP 3: ETC
Glucose (C6H1206) +
Oxygen (02)
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2) +
Water
(H2O)
After Krebs Cycle, cellular respiration continues to the ETC.

55. ETC happens in the mitochondria
STEP 3: ETC
ETC happens in the mitochondria

56. STEP 3: ETC
oxygen
oxygen
ETC needs _______ .

57. It receives _____ & _____ from glycolysis and Krebs Cycle.
STEP 3: ETC
NADH & FADH2
It receives _____ & _____ from glycolysis and Krebs Cycle.
NADH
FADH2

58. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

59. How it works: etc
Step 1
Receives high energy electrons in FADH 2 and NADH from glycolysis and Krebs Cycle

60. Uses the electrons to change
How it works: etc
Step 2
Uses the electrons to change
ADP  ATP
with ATP synthase

61. Now that the electrons are used, FADH 2 changes to ______ .
How it works: etc
Step 3
Now that the electrons are used, FADH 2 changes to ______ .
FAD
FAD

62. Now that the electrons are used, NADH changes to ________ .
How it works: etc
Step 4
Now that the electrons are used, NADH changes to ________ .
NAD+
NAD+

63. How it works: etc
Step 5
_____ is created from O 2
H2O
H2O

64. How it works: etc

65. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

66. Energy totals Total ATP Produced Reaction # ATP produced Glycolysis
Net 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle
2 ATP
Electron Transport Chain
32 ATP
Cellular Respiration Total
36 ATP
the 36 ATP molecules represents 38% of the energy from glucose
the remaining 62% is released as heat and other molecules

67. Electron Transport Chain
Energy totals
Electrons carried in NADH
Pyruvic acid
Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2
Glucose
Krebs
Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
2 ATP
2 ATP
32 ATP