1. IPV4 Address & subnet masks
Unit . 4
IPV4 Address & subnet masks
Prepared By: Shamsa Alhassouni

2. Lesson Objectives: Understand the IPv4 address
Know about History and How its work
Convert binary to decimal
Understand networks and hosts
Differentiate between Private and Public IP addresses

3. IPV4 Address

4. IP Address – Internet Protocol
A numeric address
Works as identifier for a computer or a device on a network
Every device has an IP Address for communication purposes.
Consist of 2 parts:
network address + host address (last part)
Two types of IP addresses IPv4 and IPv6

5. IP V4 Current version and most common
32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods (.)
Each group of numbers is called an Octet
Number range in each octet is 0-255
It can produce around 4 billion unique address

6. How Ipv-4 Works Computer and network don’t read the numeric format
It can understand only the binary format (0,1)
IPv4 consist of 4 sets of 8-bits
Each set is called an octet
The octet chart is represented as follows:

7. Answer the following questions:
Quick Revision
Answer the following questions:
What is an IP Address ? Why we need it?
What is an octet ?
How many types of IP versions are released ?
How many binary bits the IPv4 can provide?

8. Decimal to Binary Conversion
Each bit on the octet can be 1 or 0
If the number is 1 the number it can represent will be counted only.

9. 66 . 94 . 29 . 13 Decimal to Binary Conversion 1 1 66 94 29 13 128 6432 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 66 1 94 29 13

10. Try it your self now:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
154 31 16 13

11. Try it your self now:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
154 1 31 16 13

12. 192. 168. 1 . 5 Binary to Decimal Conversion 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 192
192
168 1 5

13. Try it your self now / Binary to Decimal:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1

14. IPv 6 Address

15. IPv6 Next generation that will accommodate more IP addresses
128-bit hexadecimal address
Hexadecimal uses both numbers and alphabets.
It can produce over 340 undecillion address (a cardinal number represented in the U.S. by 1 followed by 36 zeros, and in Britain by 1 followed by 66 zeros. )

16. Networks and Hosts

17. Networks and Hosts
Networks Address
Host Address
Networks needs to know which part is network address and which one is for the host.
Subnet Mask do this job.
Subnet mask is 32 bit long .

18. Public and Private IP addresses

19. Public and Private IP addresses
There are two types of IP addresses : Public and Private
Public Addresses are addresses which are globally set from your ISP (like Etisalat or Du)
Can be checked using website
Private Addresses are addresses which are set by DHCP server.
At home if you have many devices connected to the router. Your router will be assigned a public IP address and each device connected to the router via cable or Wi-Fi will get a private IP address from the router.

20. Public and Private IPv4 addresses
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the organization responsible for registering IP address ranges to organizations and (ISPs).
To allow organizations to freely assign private IP addresses, the Network Information Center (InterNIC) has reserved certain address blocks for private use.
The following IP blocks are reserved for private IP addresses.

21. Book Activity P-164
Block
Pass