2. Read Page 639 Read Significance and Introduction
World War I
Read Page 639
Read Significance and Introduction

3. Causes of WWI
Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism
Systems of Alliances

4. Nationalism
What is it?
Created a desire to unite all people of one nation under one government
Why could this be a problem?

5. Imperialism What is imperialism? How could this lead to war?
When countries fought over colonies
Example: Africa
Germany vs. France in Morocco
Compromised, but usually one party was unhappy

6. Militarism Definition: the glorification of armed strength
Many leaders believed:
Only the use of force can solve problems among nations
Or scare tactics….
Many nations had reserve forces
They could be mobilized at any time
Mobilization: Organized for combat
Every country wanted to be stronger than the one next to it

7. Worksheet/Time to Work

9. System of Alliances Otto von Bismarck created Germany
Feared French revenge…
For?
What was the Triple Alliance?
This treaty upset the balance of power in Europe
What is the balance of power?

10. French Treaties What happened with Russia at this time?
France became uneasy
Created the Triple Entente
Who was in this alliance?
An entente is a friendly agreement or understanding between nations
What is the problem with these alliances?

11. The Assassination of the Archduke
Serbian Nationalists wanted to make a Slavic State
Austria-Hungary owned many Slavic states
What situations added to this tension?
(Before the assassination)
What set off “the powder keg”?
Who killed the Archduke of Austria- Hungary?

12. What was THE Ultimatum? Read Page 643 Did the Serbians agree?
Did the Serbians think that Austria-Hungary would compromise?
What did they do?
What was the mobilization crisis?

13. Mobilization of Europe
Serbia mobilized
Austria-Hungary mobilized
Russia mobilized
Germany mobilized
France mobilized

14. Britain gets Involved What was a belligerent?
Belgium had promised to stay out of the war
The other powers agreed not to attack Belgium
BUT Germany needed to go through Belgium
Forced Britain to enter the war
Expansion of the war
Japan joined France and Britain
Italy joined them as well
The Ottoman Empire joined Germany
See map on page 645

15. WWI Review – Take out a piece of paper…
How did WWI start? What were the 4 reasons?
What was the spark of WWI?
Who are the Central powers and the Allied powers?
How did Britain get involved in WWI?

16. Assignment Worksheet

18. World War I Basic Facts Began in 1914
People thought it would be a quick war
WRONG!
The Belligerents were?
Central Powers:
Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
Allied Powers
Great Britain, France, Russia, Greece, Romania, and Serbia

19. Advantages Central (German) Advantages: Allied Advantages:
Well-trained
Well-organized
Well-equipped
Geographic Advantage – See page 645
Allied Advantages:
More soldiers
Greater industrial potential
Controlled the seas – blockade or starve Central Powers

20. Innovations in Warfare
What era was happening before WWI?
Machine Gun
Rapid-fire spray of bullets caused many deaths
Made advances costly
Created trench warfare…

21. Brand New Weapons Tank (British) Airplane Armored vehicle with guns
Through armed guards and barbed wire
Airplane
Slow and tough to fly
Created dogfights
Primarily used for observation and dropping explosives

22. Brand New Weapons Ctn. Submarine or U-boat (German)
Damaged Allied shipping
Poison gas (German)

23. Warfare in the 1900s Who originally fought as soldiers in wars?
What was different about the fighting men in WWI?
Women filled the jobs at home
What is propaganda?
Ideas, facts, or rumors spread deliberately to further one’s cause or to damage an opposing cause

25. The War from 1914-1918 What was the German’s goal in the war?
A quick end and to not fight on both sides
What happened at the Battle of the Marne?
Trenches
What was Russia doing on the eastern front?
Attacking Budapest and a water port
Were the Russians winning?
Haha… nope
What was the Gallipoli campaign?
An attempt to get supplies to Russia

27. Naval Warfare British blockaded North Sea Germany sent U-boats
See page 644
At first to keep Germans from getting allies
Later to starve them and their economy
Germany sent U-boats
Sunk ships sending food and ammunition to the British
What was the story of the Lusitania?
German response?
One major sea battle in the North Sea
What was the result? – Use page 644

28. The War of Stalemate What is a stalemate?
A situation where no action can be taken or progress made
What is a war of attrition?
A slow wearing-down process in which each side tries to outlast the other
Example: Page 650 2nd paragraph

29. U.S. Involvement General American attitude? Remain neutral
What unreasonable things did the U.S. want in regards to the war?
What is contraband?
Why did U.S. trade become one sided?
British Blockade
How did propaganda affect Americans opinion of the war?
What is an atrocity?
Were these stories true???

30. U.S. Involvement Ctn. What was the Zimmerman Note?
Letter sent to Mexico asking for an alliance
Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare
Attacked anything
What happened in Russia in 1917?
(During a war I might add)….
In 1917 the U.S. enters the war

31. Why did the U.S. Enter the War?
MANY REASONS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Propaganda
Sinking of U.S. ships
Russia becoming a democracy
The Zimmerman Note

32. Assignment

34. The Fourteen Points How do we want to end this war? 14 points
No Secret Treaties
Freedom of the seas for all Nations
Removal of all Economic Barriers or Tariffs
Reduction of National Armaments
Fair adjustment of all colonial claims
Were these accepted?

35. Defeat of the Central Powers
Read through pages 654 – 655
They fall
Bulgaria
Turks
Austria-Hungary
And finally Germany
11:11:11 an armistice happened

36. Costs of the War 10 million soldiers dead 20 millions soldiers injured
Which country lost the most men?
Estimated $400 billion of damage

37. Reparations What are they? Payment for war damages
What should they include?

38. The Versailles Treaty Germany hated it… Consisted of:
Germany started war (just them)
The treaty did not specify reparations
$5 billion in reparations in two years
Later jumped to $33 billion
Germany lost territory
Germany was not allowed to build weapons or have an army

39. The League of Nations 2 Aims: What was it like?
Promote international cooperation
Maintain peace by settling disputes peacefully and by reducing armaments
What was it like?
Read page

40. El Fin

41. The End