1. Protein Synthesis Part 3
AP Biology
Protein Synthesis
Part 3

2. RNA plays multiple roles in the cell:
Type of RNA
Functions
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Carries information specifying amino acid sequences of proteins from DNA to ribosomes
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Serves as adapter molecule in protein synthesis; translates mRNA codons into amino acids
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Plays catalytic (ribozyme) roles and structural roles in ribosomes

3. Type of RNA
Functions
Primary transcript
Serves as a precursor to mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA, before being processed by splicing or cleavage
Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
Plays structural and catalytic roles in spliceosomes
SRP RNA
Is a component of the the signal-recognition particle (SRP)

4. Type of RNA
Functions
Small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)
Aids in processing pre-rRNA transcripts for ribosome subunit formation in the nucleolus
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA)
Are involved in regulation of gene expression

5. Transcription & Translation Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

6. Codon Chart, Yet again

7. Point Mutation (A single point is changed)

8. Reading Frame Mutations (Everything behind is changed)

9. Somatic vs. gametes (Who is affected?)