1. Western Art Music from 1700-1760
From the Baroque to the Classical
Professor Jennifer Rycenga

2. Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) Wrote music for all occasions
Helped advance solo concerto as a form
Much of his music was written for girls at an orphanage school
Portrait by François Morellon La Cave, 1723

3. George Friedrich Handel (1685-1759)
One of the greatest composers of the Baroque
Cosmopolitan and fiscally secure, he established and re-established his reputation in four different European countries

4. Excerpts from Handel’s Messiah
Recitative
Thus saith the Lord of Hosts:
Yet once a little while and I will shake the heavens and the earth, the sea and the dry land; and I will shake all nations; and the desire of all nations shall come. The Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to His temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in: behold, He shall come, saith the Lord of Hosts.
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Aria
But who may abide the day of His coming? and who shall stand when He appeareth? For He is like a refiner’s fire.
Chorus
And He shall purify the sons of Levi, that they may offer unto the Lord an offering in righteousness.

5. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
• Wrote for the Lutheran church
• Master of technical aspects of harmony and counterpoint; perhaps the best musical mind in Western art music
• noted 20th century theologian, Jaroslav Pelikan, dubbed Bach “The Fifth Evangelist”

7. Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757)
Great keyboard composer
Used a variety of sources for melodies and playing techniques
Paves the way for transition to classical period

8. Giovanni Battista Sammartini (1700-1775)
Early Classical Period
Italian composer who makes advances in the symphony form, helping to launch the multi-movement form

9. Franz Joseph Haydn ( )
• Last major composer to exist on patronage alone
One of the three great composers of the classical era
Note how even in his portrait, he reflects the age of Enlightenment, looking more like George Washington than like Bach or Vivaldi.