Recruitment and selection

Recruitment and selection
Objectives To understand the recruitment process To understand the key words associated with recruitment.

Starter: As a class, consider why a business might choose to recruit staff? To help you, think why and when an ASDA supermarket might need more staff.

The first stage Creating a job description and personal specification. Look at the examples in front of you. Can you tell the difference between a job description and a person specification?

Job Description A document explaining what a job involves. Includes:
Title Place of work Main duties Reports to Responsible for

Person Specification Skills, Qualifications, Experience and Personal Qualities needed for the job Essential – must have Desirable – nice to have Skills – what you can do Qualifications – what certificates you have Experience – what you’ve done before Qualities – what you are like

Match the skills with the jobs
Accountant Fashion designer Secretary Delivery driver Managing Director TV presenter Police officer Skills Communication skills Good with figures Ability to cope with pressure Leadership Ability to drive a van Ability to spell accurately Design flair

Match the skills with the jobs
Accountant Fashion designer Secretary Delivery driver Managing Director TV presenter Police officer Skills Good with figures Design flair Ability to spell accurately Ability to drive a van Leadership Communication skills Ability to cope with pressure

Tasks Write a job description for a checkout assistant in a supermarket. Write a person specification Use the examples on the handout to help you Explain why each of the skills, qualities, qualifications and experiences are important for the role How do you think the Human Resources Manager in a large organisation would find out the information for these two documents?

Job Description or Person Specification?
Where the job is located Qualifications needed Title of job holder’s boss Description of main duties Skills needed Essential personal qualities Who job holder would manage Desirable experience

How do businesses recruit?

How might a business recruit for the following jobs?

End of topic check.... Can you......
Explain why a business might need to recruit?

Interviews

Why would a firm carry out an interview?
To see what the candidate has to offer the company They can asses the interviewee's personality The firm will looking at; communication skills attitude to work ability to use initiative

How could the candidate benefit from the interview
Candidates get a chance to find out more about the company and the role, such as: Working conditions salary training facilities job security pension or health perks

Advantages and Disadvantages to interviewing
Interviewer can directly compare candidates They can see how candidates act under pressure The company can asses the interviewee’s body language and general appearance Candidates may be nervous so may not act confidently or natural Because of this the interviewer may not see the best in the candidate Personal prejudices can influence the interviewers’ choice of candidate, i.e. discrimination Just because someone performs well in the interview it doesn’t mean they’d be good at the job

Body Language The way someone presents themselves, especially in an interview can say a lot about them – “ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN WORDS!” Your body can betray what your feelings are at an interview. Different candidates will give different impressions to the interview panel by the way they behave in an interview

1) A person who sits with their arms and legs crossed and their head down. No eye contact with the interview panel Message to interview panel: "I'm scared and nervous"

A person who slouches in their seat, with their legs outstretched, their hands in their pockets, looking out of window. Message to interview panel: "I'm not interested and bored"

Sitting straight up in seat, arms resting in lap, looking straight at interviewer (eye contact) and smiling. Message to interview panel: " I'm interested and alert"

Leaning forward and stabbing a finger at the interviewer
Leaning forward and stabbing a finger at the interviewer. Angry expression on face. Message to interview panel: "I'm aggressive"

Sample Question; What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the interview as a method of selecting a new member of staff?

Once you have completed your answer, compare the following 2 answers and assess which one is better and WHY?

Answer 1 Interviews are scary because they ask you lots of questions. You have to get dressed up for them and you can get very nervous. When you're in the room you have to concentrate and answer the questions the best you can. You must be polite. Each person will take it in turns to be interviewed and at the end you find out who has got the job. You might have to take a test too.

Answer 2 The bad thing about interviews is that people get very nervous and that means that the interviewer might not be seeing what they are really like. People sometimes prepare themselves for an interview so again you are not seeing what they're really like. I think it would be better to get them to work for you on a trial basis so you can get to know them and you can see what they can do. Also the people being interviewed might be feeling ill on the day. On the plus side an interview does let you compare people directly because you see them in the same conditions and can ask the same questions. You also see how they act when they are under pressure.

Interview techniques and tips
Dress smartly and appropriately Arrive at least 15 minutes early Try to prepare some answers before hand Be polite and courteous Maintain eye contact Always seem keen and enthusiastic Research the company Try to take with you, your CV or portfolio and references

Don’t forget about how important 1st impressions are – someone can assess whether they like you within 15 seconds of meeting you! ……. So make sure you give the right impression as you may only get one chance! OR

Activity!! In pairs, arrange yourselves so that one is the interviewer and the other is the interviewee. Prepare a role play which involves someone applying for a position and someone else is interviewing. You can use your own question’s and choose how to present your characters. Be prepared to present back to the class in 15 minutes.

Improving the performance of employees
TRAINING IN BUSINESS Improving the performance of employees

Training may be ON THE JOB
This means learning new skills while doing a job – working alongside experienced staff Training can also be OFF THE JOB This means training away from the normal workplace. This could be with a training company or at a college

IN -HOUSE TRAINING is training that is organised by the employer in the normal place of work, perhaps within special training rooms. In-house training is usually off the job.

What are the benefits of training ?
BENEFITS FOR THE EMPLOYEE: Chance to earn more Take your skills to new jobs or new employer More confident at work Perhaps more interesting work

BENEFITS FOR THE EMPLOYER?
Workers can work faster and achieve more This helps reduce costs (in the long run) Employees are more flexible Employees need less supervision

TRAINING CAN BE SEEN AS AN INVESTMENT FOR THE FUTURE
This means that a business that spends money on training today will benefit from it in the future

Some businesses: Fear that trained staff will be “poached” by other firms Avoid training staff because they feel they cannot afford it

STUDENT QUESTIONS Phil works for an electronics company. One day a week he goes to study for a course at his local college. What kind of training would you call this? Susan is training as a mechanic. This week she is working with Jim, an experienced mechanic. They are doing MOTs. What kind of training would you call this?

3. Sandeep works for a big software designer
3. Sandeep works for a big software designer. Today he is in the company training room, learning how to write new anti-virus software with a manager from the company. What kind of training would you call this? 4. Is doing GCSEs at school a kind of training? Explain your answer.

5. Suggest whether on the job b) off the job or c) both would be the best way of training someone to do the following activities. Explain your answer. Driving a lorry Repairing washing machines Flying a plane Shearing sheep

5. Sid has worked as an assistant at a firm of accountants for 3 years
5. Sid has worked as an assistant at a firm of accountants for 3 years. What would be the advantages of training to be a qualified accountant for him?

6. What is meant by the word “profit”?
7. Does training lead to more profit for businesses? Or is it something that reduces profit? Explain your answer.

Financial and non-Financial Rewards
Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards Learning Objectives: To understand the various ways that workers that workers can be financially and non-financially rewarded To discuss, compare and evaluate different reward systems in different business contexts

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards Make a list of the different ways that people can be financially rewarded (paid) for the work that they do? Is one method of financially rewarding (paying) for the work an employee does better than another? Why?

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? WAGES Reward for a regular amount of time a worker spends at work – for example weekly wages Wages are not linked to the level of productivity Wages guarantee the income for the worker but do not offer a financial incentive to work harder. Extra hours worked can be paid as overtime

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? 1. TIME RATES Reward for the amount of time a worker spends at work – eg. an hourly rate Time rates are not linked to the level of productivity. Used where it is difficult to measure the output of a worker Time rates guarantee the income for the worker but do not offer a financial incentive to work harder.

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? 2. PIECE RATES Workers are paid an agreed rate for every item produced (this is payment by results system) Piece rates are linked to productivity and provide a financial incentive to worker harder and produce more. Targets are often set for workers to try to achieve.

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? SALARIES Normally paid monthly, based on an annual amount divided into 12 payments Usually a standard rate and no extra is paid for overtime. Can be linked to rewards such as commission, bonus and profit-sharing

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? COMMISSION Workers are paid a percentage of the value of the goods or service provided Some workers on commission also receive a guaranteed base salary. The commission then becomes an incentive earn more money. Eg. Real estate salesperson

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? PROFIT-SHARING In addition to a basic salary, workers receive a share of the annual profits of the company BONUS A lump sum paid to workers if they have done a good job

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards What are the different ways that workers can be financially rewarded for their work? FEES Fees are a payment made to person for a specific task – the amount of the fee may depend on the time taken or the level of difficulty Fees are usually paid to “service” providers. Eg. Solicitors

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards Should one employee be paid more than another if they are doing a similar job? PERFORMANCE RELATED PAY This is an incentive scheme that links the annual salary of an employee to their performance in the job. The “best” employees receive the highest financial reward – salary, bonus, profit-share…

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards PERFORMANCE RELATED PAY: A method of payment where an individual employee receives an increase in pay based wholly or partly on the regular and systematic assessment of individual performance. The payment of salary increments, bonus and other incentives is determined by a process of systematic performance appraisal . The performance measures may concern inputs or outputs but generally focus on the achievement of specific individual objectives. There has been a growth of interest in such schemes. How do you accurately “measure” performance? What could be some of the problems with this type of financial incentive scheme?

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards PERFORMANCE RELATED PAY: A number of organizations have experienced difficulties in setting performance criteria, assessing performance objectively and in linking pay to performance, particularly where budget constraints limit the potential size of any reward. Individual performance related pay systems have also been found to undermine team working . Some organizations have abandoned or modified their PRP systems but others are still moving towards this approach to pay .

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards In 2005, the average CEO of a Standard & Poor's 500 company received $13.51 million in total compensation, according to an analysis by The Corporate Library. This represents a percent increase in CEO pay over 2004. A reasonable and fair compensation system for executives and workers is fundamental to the creation of long-term corporate value. However, the past two decades have seen an unprecedented growth in compensation only for top executives and a dramatic increase in the ratio between the compensation of executives and their employees.

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards CEO Pay Up 298%, Average Worker's? 4.3% ( )

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards Performance related pay Commission Bonus METHODS OF PAYMENT Wages Time rate Piece rate Salaries Profit-sharing

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards Brainstorm a list of the different ways that a worker may be rewarded that does directly involve paying them money directly such as in the form of wages or salaries What makes a difference to an employee’s satisfaction at work? An employee is happy and is satisfied with their work if…

Business Studies Financial and non-Financial Rewards JOB SATISFACTION can be increased by… Job Rotation Job Enrichment Job Enlargement What do we understand by: Job Rotation Job Enlargement Job Enrichment

Recruitment and selection

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