1. Nationalism in SW Asia

2. I. Nationalism A. Ottoman Empire after WWI broken up
1. Turkey all that remained
B Greek soldiers invaded Turkey to conquer
Nationalist Mustafa Kemal commanded
troops and pushed out Greeks
2. Nationalists overthrew sultan

3. II. Mustafa Kemal’s nationalism
A. Became president of Republic of Turkey
B. Established reforms
1. Separation of Islamic law and state law
2. No religious courts
3. Granted women vote & right to hold public office
4. Economic change
C. Named Ataturk – “Father of Turks”
D. Established Turkey in western model
1. international dress required
2. Latin alphabet replaced Arabic
3. Return to Turkish roots – forget
Ottoman history

4. III. Indian Nationalism
World War I brought unification of Indians
against Great Britain (India = British colony)
1. Gandhi leader of Hindu Indian National
Congress
2. Muslim League lead by Ali Jinnah
3. The two groups joined together against Britain
B. British promised reforms
toward self-government
if Indians fought with
British in WWI as troops
1. Expected independence
was denied
Jinnah & Gandhi

5. C. Amritsar Massacre 1919
1. To protest British repressive acts 10,000 Hindus and
Muslims gathered at rally
2. British had banned public meetings
3. British Commander at Amritsar had troops fire on
the crowd… killed 400 Indians and wounded 1,200
4. Caused Indian nationalism to grow

6. IV. Mohandas Gandhi’s ideas of how to achieve nationalism for Indians
Civil disobedience = noncooperation; refusal to obey unjust laws
1. Boycott of British goods
2. Strikes
3. Nonviolence
B. The Salt March 1930
1. Salt could only be purchased from
British and was taxed
2. Indians collected saltwater and
made their own salt to protest
3. Marched on site of British salt
processing plant… attacked by
British troops
4. In all 60,000 people arrested,
including Gandhi