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OXIDATION STATES ATMOSPHERE N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING,

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Presentation on theme: "OXIDATION STATES ATMOSPHERE N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING,"— Presentation transcript:

1 OXIDATION STATES ATMOSPHERE N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING,
Haber Bosch ATMOSPHERE GLOBAL WARMING 15-40 kg/ha pH Rainfall TEMP N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING, RAINFALL N2 FIXATION PLANT AND ANIMAL RESIDUES HABER BOSCH 3H2 + N NH3 (1200°C, 500 atm) OC Lignin SYMBIOTIC NON-SYMBIOTIC MESQUITE RHIZOBIUM ALFALFA SOYBEAN BLUE-GREEN ALGAE AZOTOBACTER CLOSTRIDIUM MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT > 1.5% (COW MANURE) MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT < 1.5% (WHEAT STRAW) 10-80 kg/ha FERTILIZATION PLANT LOSS AMINO ACIDS MICROBIAL DECOMPOSITION 0-50 kg/ha NH3 IMMOBILIZATION AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION AMINIZATION ORGANIC MATTER HETEROTROPHIC R-NH2 + ENERGY + CO2 BACTERIA (pH>6.0) FUNGI (pH<6.0) R-NH2 + H2O pH>7.0 NH2OH AMMONIFICATION FIXED ON EXCHANGE SITES IMMOBILIZATION R-OH + ENERGY + 2NH3 MICROBIAL/PLANT SINK Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Thiobacillus Denitrificans, and T. thioparus N2O2- 2NH4+ + 2OH- MINERALIZATION + NITRIFICATION +O2 NO2- Nitrosomonas DENITRIFICATION NO3- POOL NITRIFICATION OXIDATION STATES 2NO2- + H2O + 4H+ DENITRIFICATION LEACHING LEACHING VOLATILIZATION NITRIFICATION Nitrobacter + O2 NH3 AMMONIA -3 NH4+ AMMONIUM -3 N2 DIATOMIC N 0 N2O NITROUS OXIDE 1 NO NITRIC OXIDE 2 NO2- NITRITE 3 NO3- NITRATE 5 Joanne LaRuffa Wade Thomason Shannon Taylor Heather Lees Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University ADDITIONS TEMP 50°F LEACHING LEACHING LOSSES LEACHING OXIDATION REACTIONS pH 7.0 REDUCTION REACTIONS 0-40 kg/ha

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