1. Skeletal System
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3 Major Functions
It protects our vital organs such as the brain, the heart and the lungs.
It gives us the shape that we have.
It allows us to move. Because our muscles are attached to our bones, when our muscles move, they move the bones
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Additional Functions
Support
Mineral Storage
Storage of blood
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Facts
When you were born, your skeleton had around 350 bones.
By the time you become an adult, you will only have around 206 bones.
As you grow, some of the bones join together to form one bone through growth plates.
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5. Joints in the body (place where movement occurs
Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip joints - allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements
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6. Joints in the body (place where movement occurs
Hinge joints such as in the fingers, knees, elbows, and toes - allow only bending and straightening movements
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7. Joints in the body (place where movement occurs
Pivot joints
such as the neck joints - allow limited rotating movements
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Types of Bones
Long- form the arms and legs; has a shaft called diaphysis, oxygen and nutrients are brought from the bloodstream.
Short bones- small cube-shaped of the wrists, ankles and toes.
Flat bones- large somewhat flat surface; shoulder blades, pelvis and skull.
Irregular- Bones of the ears vertebrae and face.
Sesamoid bones- are formed in the tendon near joints, The patella is an example.
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Bone Cells
Osteocytes (bone cell) are part of a dense network of connective tissue. The hardening and development process of the osteocytes is called ossification.
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Bones in Lower Leg
Tibia- Large bone in the lower leg, located on the medial side in the A.P (2,7)
Fibula- Little bone in the lower leg; lateral side in AP(1)
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Upper Leg Bone
Femur- Large bone in the upper leg;
Largest bone in the body
Proximal end; ball and socket , hip
Distal end; hinge joint, knee
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Bones in Lower Arm
Radius- bone on the lateral side in AP, ®
Ulna-bone on the medial side in AP
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Bone in Upper Arm
Humerus- large bone in upper arm.
Proximal end, ball and socket, (shoulder)
Distal end, hinge joint, (elbow)
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Upper Extremity
Clavicle
Scapula
Sternum
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Hand
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Carpals
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Feet
Metatarsals (3)
Phalanges (4)
Tarsals (2)
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Hip
Pelvis
Ischium
Illium
Pubuis
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Kneecap
Patella (1)
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Ligaments
Connect bone to bone
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Tendons
Connect skeletal muscle to bone
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Cartilage
Soft tissue found between bones.
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