1. Immigration and Migration & South Carolina

2. 8-5.7
Compare migration patterns of South Carolinians to such patterns throughout the US, including the movement from rural to urban areas and the migration of African Americans from the South to the North, Midwest, and West.

3. Unit 11 SLM: Migration
EQ: What were the migration patterns of South Carolinians in relation to that of the United States?
Vocabulary:
Immigration
Nativism
100% Americanism

4. Why are these people waiting?

5. Westward expansion continued and immigration to the US continued.
Post-Civil War
Westward expansion continued and immigration to the US continued.
After emancipation, some African Americans moved to towns in the West (Example: Exodusters moved to Kansas.
Exoduster Movement or Exodus of It was the first general migration of blacks following the Civil War)

6. In the postwar period, most South Carolinians did not move west.
Post-Civil War
In the postwar period, most South Carolinians did not move west.
Neither African-American freedmen nor poor whites had the money to make such a move, even with the promise of free land.

7. Instead…
Made use of available land and economic opportunity in their home state.

8. Motivation for settlers from the East & foreign countries to move West…
Free land (Homestead Act)
New Markets for farmers
Railroad expansion (Chinese & Europeans already laying track)

9. Depressed economic conditions…
Low prices for crops
Farmers left farms for mill jobs/villages
However for African Americans…
Mill jobs were not open
Some moved from rural areas in SC to factory jobs (north/west)
Pushed out of SC due to agricultural depression (boll weevil), Jim Crow, violence

10. Immigration

11. Immigrants were very eager to come to America – the conditions in their home countries were very poor

12. Ellis Island Video

13. Immigration late 1800’s

14. Immigration to SC
Most did not come to SC due to the depressed economic conditions
Agriculture
No available land
No industrial jobs
Who was already working the industry jobs in SC?
Those immigrants that did come to SC made cultural and economic contributions…many started businesses
Founder & editor of The State newspaper was an immigrant from Cuba

15. Immigration as a whole had more impact on the Northeast & Midwest
Many were too poor to leave the port cities and as a result…
Established immigrants helped the new and created a loyalty within communities. Led to ward bosses and bribery.
Ethnic neighborhoods, churches, schools, businesses

16. The political machine in SC was ran by the Tillmanite faction (Democratic party) who was also corrupt and controlled voting and gave hope to the common white farmer.
Just as the immigrant communities helped each other, African Americans in SC developed organizations and churches that supported them

17. Nativism Just like restrictions on African Americans in SC…
What were these called?
Just like restrictions on African Americans in SC…
Racial hostility led to restrictions on immigration.
Nativism
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants
Which means…

18. Losses of jobs caused a great deal of resentment and prejudice towards these immigrants

19. After 1890, discrimination against Southern & Eastern Europeans became rampant (Italians, Russians, Eastern Jews)

20. This unrest was caused by:
Previous groups of immigrants (Irish, Germans) had major differences with these new groups
Americans fears of losing their jobs to these people
Americans fear of communism – the type of government practiced in these nations

21. So what was the effect of this racial & ethnic diversity???
Solidified the confidence of native “white” people and “100% Americanism”