1. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.
If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.
Poll: Fort Sumter headline + your name

2. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.
If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.
Poll: Bull Run headline + your name

3. Life in the Civil War Army Chapter 16, Section 2
Soldiers
Health
Weapons
Technology
Surgery

4. I. Soldiers The average soldier Ethnicities
Between 18 and 30 years old
Farmers
Ethnicities
German and Irish immigrants
African Americans (Union)
Native Americans
Both sides

5. I. Soldiers Why Join? Drill and Drill Excitement and Adventure
Escape from boring farm/factory work
Riding trains
Nationalism
Sectionalism
Drill
and Drill

6. II. Health Living Conditions Disease-carrying insects
Baths and clean clothes were rare
Contaminated food and water
Exposure to cold and rain
Poor diet
Write the word you think best describes these living conditions

7. II. Health
Disease
More than twice as many men died from disease than battle wounds
Intestinal disorders
Typhoid Fever
Dysentery
Diarrhea
Other common diseases
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Pneumonia
Dysentery – painful disorder of intestines characterized by severe diarrhea
Typhoid fever – serious disease, often caused by ingesting contaminated food or water; the symptoms are a high fever, spots on the skin, coughing, & heavy intestinal bleeding
Malaria – serious disease causing high fevers & chills, often spread by the bite of an infected mosquito
Pleurisy – inflammation of the sacs surrounding the lungs, which makes breathing & coughing extremely painful
Scurvy – disease caused by lack of vitamin C, marked by soft & bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, & extreme weakness
Smallpox – highly infections, & often fatal, disease, marked by a high fiever & blistering spots on the skin

8. III. Weapons & Technology
The rifle
Minié ball – hollow soft lead bullets
More accuracy
More distance (up to 1,000 yards)

9. III. Weapons and Technology
Ironclads (page 492)
Warships covered with iron
Basically early submarines
Merrimack (Virginia) vs. Monitor
Virginia 1862
Draw

10. III. Weapons and Technology
Other firsts
Land mines
Rifles with telescopic sites
Machine guns
Trenches
Spied on enemy troops from the air in observation balloons

12. IV. Surgery
Amputation
Minié balls made wounds beyond any possible repair
Large, gaping holes
Splintered bones
Destroyed muscles, arteries and tissues
Chloroform or ether
Bone saw

13. IV. Surgery
Conditions
People didn’t understand why wounds became infected
"We operated in old blood-stained and often pus-stained coats, we used undisinfected instruments from undisinfected plush lined cases. If a sponge or instrument fell on the floor it was washed and squeezed in a basin of water and used as if it was clean"

14. IV. Surgery Results “Surgical Fevers”
Pyemia
Literally means “pus in the blood”
Mortality rate of over 90%
“Hospital Gangrene”
A black spot on the wound
Spread leaving an “evil smelling awful mess”
Mortality rates (chance you’d die)
From amputation - 28%
From “Surgical Fevers” etc. - 52%

15. Resources
Creating America textbook, Chapter 16, Section 2