1. Regents Review
Leaders & Individuals

2. Nelson Mandela Country- South Africa
Actions- end apartheid (separation of the races)
Impact- 27 years in jail. Released by F.W. de Klerk. Elected first black president of South Africa.

3. Peter and Catherine The Great
Country- Russia
Actions- Peter rid Russia of the Mongols. Westernize and Warm Water Port
Impact- Peter gained a port on the Baltic Sea and Catherine on the Black Sea.

4. Gandhi
Country- India
Actions- Passive resistance and civil disobedience.
Impact- gained independence from Britain. Wanted peace between Hindus and Muslims. Equality for untouchables.

5. Hitler Country- Germany
Actions- totalitarian, rise to power, Holocaust (genocide).
Impact- 11 million killed during the Holocaust. Nuremberg Trials.

6. Lenin Country- Russia Actions- leader of the Russian Revolution
Impact- makes Russia Communist. New Economic Policy.
*Similar to Perestroika.

7. Stalin Country- Russia
Actions- totalitarian, 5 Year Plan, glorification, purges.
Impact- time period of censorship and terror.

8. Gorbachev Country- Soviet Union
Actions- glastnost- openness and perestroika- restructuring the economy.
Impact- Withdrew from Afghanistan, permitted the break up of Warsaw, negotiated a reduce in nuclear arms with U.S. And allowed Eastern European nations to introduce democracy.

9. Martin Luther Country- Germany
Actions- Protestant Reformation,95 theses, sale of indulgences
Impact- Created Lutheran, decreased the power of the Catholic Church.

10. Henry VIII Country- Britain
Actions- absolute monarch, broke away from the Catholic.
Impact- Established the Church of England (Anglican). Act of Supremacy- king assumed control of religion and the church.

11. Elizabeth I Country- Britain
Actions- defeated the Spanish Armada, allowed for freedom of religion.
Impact- made Britain the most powerful country in Europe. Encouraged literature and the arts.

12. Louis XIV Country- France
Actions- divine right monarh, built palace at Versailles.
Impact- literature and the arts flourished at Versailles (set an example for other absolute monarchs).

13. Napoleon Country- France
Actions- ended the French Revolution with a coup d etat.
Impact- Waged war against Europe. Napoleonic Law Code- all equal in the eyes of the law. Bank of France. University of France.

14. Bolivar Country- Bolivia
Actions- leader of Latin American independence. Gained independence for Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru.
Impact- “The Liberator” or “The George Washington of S. America.” His dream of a united Gran Colombia not achieved.

15. Sun Yat Sen Country- China
Actions- United China and rid them of warlords. “Father of Modern China.” Three Principles: Nationalism, Democracy and Livelihood.
Impact- made China a democracy.

16. Chiang Kai Shek Country- China
Actions- defeated Mao first time. 2nd time Mao defeats Shek. Shek flees to Taiwan.
Impact- “Creation of Two Chinas.” Mainland China communist under Mao. Taiwan democratic under Shek.

17. Mao
Country- China
Actions- Long March, Red Guard, Red Book, Cultural Revolution, Great Leap Forward.
Impact- made China a Communist Country. Encouraged people to have many children which led to overpopulation.

18. Deng
Country- China
Actions- Introduced limited capitalism, One Child Policy, Tiananmen’s Square.
Impact- Human rights violations.