1. Ch. 22 – Plant Diversity

2. 22-1: Introduction to Plants
Kingdom Plantae:
Multicellular eukaryotes
Cell walls  Cellulose
Develop from multicellular embryos
Photosynthesis  Chlorophyll a & b

3. The Plant Life Cycle ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS =
Life cycle in which haploid and diploid generations alternate with each other.

4. What do plants need to survive?
Sunlight
Water & Minerals
Gas exchange
Movement of water & nutrients

5. From Water to Land 1st plants arose in water for reproduction
Needed to survive on land:
more resistant to sunlight
water conservation
reproduction without water

6. Problems Solved! Waxy cuticles Stomata Vascular Tissue
Woody tissue – lignin
Pollen
Seeds
Flowers
Fruit

7. 22-2: Bryophytes
Lack vascular tissue
Depend on water for reproduction
Close to ground due to water transport being done by osmosis
Gametophyte is dominant stage

8. Examples of groups of Bryophytes:
Mosses
Hornworts
Liverworts

9. Life cycle of Bryophytes

10. Reproductive Parts of the Bryophytes
Male Gametophyte
Female Gametophyte

11. 22-3: Seedless Vascular Plants
Sporophyte dominant form
Vascular Tissue:
Xylem
Phloem
Transports:
Water
Nutients
Carbs.
Cell Types:
Tracheids
Vessel elements
Sieve tube elements
Companion cells

12. Examples of Seedless Vascular Plants:
Horsetail
Club Moss

13. Ferns
Sori with sporangia

14. 22-4: Seed Plants ADAPTATIONS Reproduction free from water
Flowers = Angiosperms
Cones = Gymnosperms
Transfer of sperm  Pollination
Protection of embryos in seeds
ADAPTATIONS

15. 22-5: Angiosperms – Flowering Plants
Monocots
Dicots
Seeds
1 cotyledon
2 cotyledons
Leaf veins
Parallel
Branched
Flowers
3’s
4’s or 5’s
Stems
VB scattered
VB arranged
Roots
Fibrous
Taproot

16. 3 Types of Life Spans Annuals = 1 season, garden plants
Biennials = 2 growing seasons, primrose
Perrenials > 2 years, grasses