1. Flipped Learning
Could discuss as a class or just peer assess

2. Could discuss as a class or just peer assess

3. Edward and Mary: Government
Good learning:
Recall the key issues Edward/Mary’s faced in relation to foreign policy
Great learning:
Explain the success and failures in foreign policy under Edward/Mary.
Even better:
Evaluate whether there was a ‘Mid Tudor Crisis’ in foreign policy
Key Words:
How did relations with foreign powers change and how was the succession secured?

4. Mid-Tudor Crisis – was there a crisis in foreign policy during the reigns of Edward and Mary?
What would a ‘crisis in foreign policy’ look like during the reigns of Edward and Mary?
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch? Imminent collapse?
What would need to happen for there to be an imminent collapse in government?

5. Edward and Mary: Foreign Policy Mid-Tudor Crisis argument
Last lesson we looked at the reason Whitney Jones gives for there being a Mid-Tudor Crisis in government. Now we will look at the reasons he gives for there being a Mid-Tudor crisis in relation to Foreign Policy.
Somerset pursued an expensive and disastrous war with France and Scotland which, although ended by Northumberland, saw the loss of Boulogne. It also contributed to the economic dislocation witnessed in this period and caused social instability at home.
Mary's entering of a war with France in alliance with her new husband, Philip II of Spain, led to the loss of Calais.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

6. Edward and Mary: Government
Revisionist argument
If you compare foreign policy to Elizabeth in particular, you can see that there is not a Mid-Tudor Crisis
In particular, the Spanish Armada posed a more significant threat than war against Scotland (under Edward) or France (under Mary).
Downplay the loss of Calais and Boulogne (especially compared the HVIII’s small, but successful ventures in France)
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

7. Who’s in charge of where in 1547?
JAMES V
EDWARD VI
CHARLES V
CHARLES II
FRANCIS I
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

8. Who deals with which countries? Overview
Somerset
Scotland
France
Northumberland
Spain/Holy Roman Empire
Mary
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

9. Tudor Foreign Policy – What Would You Do?
You will be given situations that Somerset, Northumberland and them Mary faced during their reigns (already written down on your sheet).
You will need to decide whether you would follow option A,B or C.
You will be given points based on your decision, and the highest score overall will win a prize!
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

10. Somerset– What Would You Do?
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

11. A B C 10 20 30 Somerset – What Would You Do?
Henry VIII’s will states that Edward VI should be married to Mary Queen of Scots, heir to the Scottish throne. Scotland do not want this marriage to take place, and you currently face the twin threat of Scotland and France. What would you do?
Somerset hoped to make an alliance with France. However, Francis I died in 1547 and Henry II took over as King. He wanted to assert himself, and therefore renewed the Franco-Scottish alliance. He send a fleet of warships with 4000 troops to Scotland. A
Cancel the marriage and get an army ready to fight both sides. B
Ensure the marriage goes ahead, it might ease tension with Scotland. C
Make an alliance with France. This will prevent the French threat and isolate Scotland.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 10 20 30

12. A B C 20 30 10 Somerset – What Would You Do?
Henry II, the new French King has renewed his alliance with Scotland. This has increased the twin threat from the two countries. What do you do?
Using Berwick as a base, Somerset invaded with 16,000 infantry, 4000 cavalry, 30 warships and 50 supply ships. In the west, an army of 2,000 marched from Carlisle across the border with 500 cavalry. The Scottish army was large, but poorly equipped. The Scots were defeated at Battle of Pinkie. Somerset gained control of the border region, but success was limited as the English army could not occupy all of Scotland. The Scottish nobles sent Mary Queen of Scots to France with the intention of marrying her to Francis II, heir to the French throne. A
Try to make a treaty with both countries to reduce the threat. B
Intervene in Scotland, you need to assert yourself now. C
Intervene in France. You need to assert yourself against the new King of France.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 20 30 10

13. A B C 30 20 10 Somerset – What Would You Do?
It is 1549, and you now have major concerns about what is happening in England. The Western and Kett’s rebellion have broken out and the southern coast it as risk from French invasion.
Somerset removed troops out of Scotland to deal with the rebellions that had broken out and to protect from a possible French invasion. The invasion of Scotland had cost him £6000 by this point. A
Remove all troops from Scotland. You have bigger worries now! B
Send more troops into Scotland, taking over Scotland is as important as ever. C
Take troops out of Scotland and invade France to remove the French threat.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 30 20 10

14. Northumberland– What Would You Do?
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

15. A B C 10 30 20 Northumberland – What Would You Do?
It is 1549, and England is still facing urgent internal problems. Troops have been withdrawn, but there has been no treaty. Charles V is seen as your main enemy, as he is a hard-line Catholic. A Counter-Reformation is emerging in Europe (offensive against Protestants).
Northumberland made a peace treaty with France in 1550 (Treaty of Boulogne) which represented English defeat and agreed:
Boulogne was to be given up to France
England would remove their garrisons from Scotland
The Border between England and Scotland was to be restored to what it was before HVIII’s Scottish campaigns
Marriage alliance between Edward VI and Elizabeth (Henry II daughter) A
Reinvade to assert your authority as a new leader in England. B
Sacrifice Scotland and prioritise friendship with France. C
Try and make friends with Charles V as you cannot afford for him to be an enemy right now.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 10 30 20

16. A B 10 30 Northumberland – What Would You Do?
A Protestant Book of Common Prayer was introduced in Mary I refused to follow this and continued to practice Catholic faith (specifically mass). She has Charles V on her side. In 1552 a new, more protestant, Common Book of Prayer was published. How do you handle Mary/Charles V in this situation?
(23.33)
A Second Book of Prayer was published in This was more Protestant than then For instance it removed ambiguity around transubstantiation. Mary was given a special dispensation by Northumberland that allowed her to continue practicing the Catholic faith. This prevent issues with Charles V, who was Catholic and sided with Mary. A
Make Mary practice the Protestant faith and risk war with Charles. B
Allow Mary to practice the Catholic faith
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 10 30

17. Mary – What Would You Do?
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

18. Act as a mediator between France and Spain.
Mary – What Would You Do?
It is October 1555, Charles V has abdicated and given over Spain, the Netherlands, Naples and the New World to your husband, Phillip II. Phillip is pressuring you to help him in his war against France. Englishmen do not want you to go to war against France. What do you do?
Mary declares war in June 1557 and sent troops into France. She and Phillip saw victory at the Battle of Saint-Quentin (now twinned with Rotherham!!) But Spain was financially too exhausted to follow up this victory.
Within a year France had seized Calais. This was a terrible blow to national pride. Calais represented the great medieval empire that had included England and half of France. It was a humiliation for Mary, illustrating that her marriage was a convenience for Spain. A
Act as a mediator between France and Spain. B
Ignore your husband. C
Invade France.
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward) 20 10 30

19. Has the Criteria been met?
Write a PEEL paragraph on Somerset, Northumberland and then Mary links the evidence to your criteria from the beginning of the lesson to decide:
Was there a Mid-Tudor Crisis in foreign policy?
Crisis – government poses danger to the monarch?
Write answers on the board – factionalism, weak leadership (Lord Protectors for Edward)

20. Mid-Tudor Crisis Overview
1. Power of the Monarchy
2. Government
3. Foreign Relations
JUDGEMENT ON WHETHER THERE WAS A MID-TUDOR CRISIS, WITH A FACT ABOUT SOMERSET, NORTHUMBERLAND AND MARY TO SUPPORT
4. Religion
5. Society and Economy
6. Key individuals/people
Could discuss as a class or just peer assess