1. IPDE: Decide and Execute
NV Driver Education Curriculum
Unit 4: Vision and Space Management
Presentation 4 of 4
TOPICS:
Change of Speed, Direction, Lane Position
Minimizing a Hazard & Separating Multiple Risks
Communication

2. Before we begin... Let’s Talk About It
Share your thoughts with a partner.
Take 60 seconds to discuss: What are some common risk factors that contribute to a possible collision?
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T-bone image from:
Retrieved: 08/23/10

3. Risk Management Video Click on web address to access video clips
California DMV
Sharing the Road Video
Risk Management
(4:59)
Click on web address to access video clips
*Suggest full screen viewing
Always preview video before showing to students
Check content
Check availability
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4. I.P.D.E. Process The IPDE Process is an organized system of: Seeing
Review
I.P.D.E. Process
The IPDE Process is an organized system of:
Seeing
Thinking
Responding
The 4 steps of IPDE
Identify
Predict
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Chart image from: Driver Right textbook 11th Edition
Retrieved: 08/22/10
Decide
Execute

5. Decide to use one or more actions to
I.P.D.E. - Decide
Drivers continually identify and predict until they have enough information to make a decision.
change or maintain speed
change direction
communicate
Decide
Decide to use one or more actions to
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Retrieved: 08/22/10

6. Adequate Space Margin
Open zones allow for escape paths. Minimize your risk by having a safe space margin, or space cushion, between you and other vehicles.
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Retrieved: 08/23/10

7. Decide to Change Speed
Any decision you make is influenced by your speed as well as the speed of other vehicles.
You can decide to:
Decelerate
Brake
Accelerate
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Retrieved: 08/23/10

8. Decide to Change Direction
To change your position on the roadway, steer right or left. A greater change of direction might be to change lanes.
Always check mirrors.
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Retrieved: 08/23/10

9. Decide to Change Lane Position
Three different lane positions are available:
Center of lane
Left of center
Right of center
Diagram image from: Drive Right Textbook
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Retrieved: 08/23/10

10. Decide to Communicate
The decision to communicate with others helps reduce possible conflict.
Communicate by:
Lights
Horn
Vehicle position
Eye contact
Body movement
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Retrieved: 08/23/10

11. Minimize a Hazard
Minimize a hazard, or reduce the possibility of conflict, by deciding to put distance between you and the risk.
Decide to use one or more actions:
Create a space cushion
Adjust vehicle speed
Adjust lane position
Change direction
Communicate
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Retrieved: 08/23/10
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12. Separate Hazards
Two or more hazards may threaten your travel path at the same time.
What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
Parked cars Open car door Pedestrians Kids on bike Curve in road
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Retrieved: 09/09/10

13. Compromise and give more room to the greater risk.
Compromise the Space
Compromise and give more room to the greater risk.
What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
Narrow street
Blind curve
Oncoming car
Potholes
Cyclist
Parked vehicles
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Retrieved: 08/24/10

14. What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
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15. What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
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16. What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
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17. What options are available to help minimize the risk in this situation?
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18. Execute your decision to
I.P.D.E. - Execute
Once you make a decision, it’s time to execute, or carry out the action(s) determined to be most safe.
In most cases, you will execute routine actions and maneuvers, involving proper timing and placement of your vehicle to avoid hazards.
control speed
steer
communicate
combine actions
Execute
Execute your decision to

19. Change of speed can reduce risk.
Speed Control
Change of speed can reduce risk.
Always check your rear zone before decelerating or braking.
Speed can be maintained or reduced just by releasing the accelerator
Use gentle pressure on the brake if less slowing is needed
Use firm braking when greater deceleration is needed
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Tail lights image from:
Retrieved: 08/24/10

20. Road Conditions
Need for braking will vary with the situation, speed of vehicle, roadway condition, and condition of your brakes.
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Retrieved: 08/24/10

21. Steer Execute the proper amount of steering:
Too much and you can lose control especially at higher speeds
Too little and you may not reduce the risk
Try to steer just enough to avoid conflict without making jerky or sudden movements.
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Retrieved: 08/24/10

22. Using Lights to Communicate
Communicate with other roadway users by:
Using daytime headlight to increase your visibility
Tapping brakes to flash brake lights to warn vehicles behind you
Apply turn signals at least 3-5 seconds before a lane change or turn
Turn on hazard flashers when disabled
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Retrieved: 08/24/10

23. Other Communication
Lightly tap horn to warn others, in an emergency you may need a loud blast
Position of your vehicle in the lane communicates your intension to others
Use eye contact and body movements
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24. ASK yourself: What actions would I take?
Practice Your IPDE
IPDE takes time and practice to:
Identify
clues and changing zones
the actions of others
what options you have
the needed actions
Predict
Decide
Execute
As you ride with others practice the identifying, prediction, and deciding steps.
ASK yourself: What actions would I take?

25. Cooperative Driving Video
California DMV
Sharing the Road Video
Cooperative Driving
(2:11)
Click on web address to access video clips
*Suggest full screen viewing
Always preview video before showing to students
Check content
Check availability
“Sharing the Road” image from:

26. Did you Know
Final Thoughts
A truck weighing 80,000 pounds traveling at 55mph takes about 300 feet, or one football field, to brake to a stop. This does not include the distance covered during the time the driver identifies a need to stop and applies the brake.
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Crash image from:
Retrieved: 08/24/10

27. Test Your Knowledge
A flashing yellow signal light at an intersection means:
Come to a full stop
Slow down and drive with increased caution
Danger dead end highway
Signal is out of order
Answer: C

28. Test Your Knowledge
You are about to make a left turn. You must signal continuously during the last ___ feet before the turn. 50 75
100
150
Answer: C

29. Test Your Knowledge This sign means: Right hand turn only
Two-way left turn only
Merging traffic from the left
Two-way right turn only
Answer: B