1. The Cardiovascular System11
The Cardiovascular System

2. NO ASSIGNMENT FOR THIS PPT
AORTA SV PA PV LA RA LV RV IV

3. C. Heart Physiology 1. The Conduction System of the Heart
= autorhythmic cardiac cells + special conductive tissue
a) Autorhythmic cells

4. The Heart: Conduction System …
b) Special tissue
Sinoatrial node = SA node (“pacemaker)
Function
Atrioventricular node = AV node,

5. Atrioventricular bundle = AV bundle Function Bundle branches
Conduction System …
Atrioventricular bundle = AV bundle
Function
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers

6. Superior vena cava Sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker) Left atrium
Atrioventricular
(AV) node
Right atrium
Atrioventricular
(AV) bundle
(bundle of His)
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Purkinje fibers
Interventricular
septum
Figure 11.7

7. c) EKG & Heart Contraction Disorders
Normal EKG P
QRS T
MilliVolts
P QRS T
Time
Electrocardiogram

8. Abnormal Rhythums
Heart Block
SA node dysfunction
Fibrillation
Cardiac Arrest
Tachycardia—
Bradycardia—

9. 2. The Heart: Cardiac Cycle & Heart Sounds
Cardiac cycle = events of one complete heart beat
BASICS
Atria contract simultaneously
Atria relax, then ventricles contract
Systole = contraction
Diastole = relaxation

10. 3. The Heart: Cardiac Output
Stroke volume (SV)
= Volume of blood pumped by a ventricle in one contraction
= 70 mL

11. Heart rate (HR)
= beats per minute: 75
Cardiac output (CO)
Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute
CO = 70ml x 75 beats/min
= ml/min

12. 4. The Heart: Regulation of Heart Rate
Autonomic Nervous System & Endocrine System
Increases in Heart Rate
Sympathetic NS
Hormones
Epinephrine
Thyroxine
Raise HR when:
Decreased blood volume or pressure

13. The Heart: Regulation of Heart Rate … Decrease Heart Rate
Parasympathetic Nervous System

14. II. Blood Vessels (Vascular System)
Introduction: General Functions and Anatomy:
1. General Function
Arteries
Arterioles
Veins
Venules
Capillaries

15. 2. Blood Vessel Structure
a. Artery
Pressure
Wall
b. Vein
Valves

16. Valve (open) Valve (closed) Vein
Contracted
skeletal
muscle
Valve (closed)
Vein
Direction of
blood flow
Figure 11.11

17. Blood Vessel Structure …
c. Cappillaries
Thickness
Cap. Bed
Exchange of substances
Precapillary Sphincters