1. ANATOMY Unit 1 Notes: Organ Systems & Living Organization

2. (1) Living Organization
All living things are made of cells and atoms/molecules.
Levels of Organization:
Atoms and Molecules
Organelles and Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organism

4. (2) Atoms, Molecules & Reactions
The basis of all living things is atoms.
All living things contain at least the following biological elements: C H O N P S
All cellular processes are driven by energy exchange and the movement and reacting of different molecules.

7. (3) Homeostasis
Involuntary processes and reactions are in place to maintain Homeostasis within cells.
Homeostasis = Internal stability / balance.
Examples:
Shivering when cold.
Production of red blood cells when oxygen drops.
Buffering of acidic foods using bicarbonate.

8. (4) Nervous System Function: Made Up Of:
Controls all other organ systems.
Allows you to respond to changes/stimuli.
Allows you to maintain homeostasis.
Made Up Of:
Brain
Spinal Cord
Nerves
Neurons

10. (5) Lymphatic System (A.K.A. The Immune System) Function: Made Up Of:
Protect body against harmful infectious agents + compounds.
Made Up Of:
White Blood Cells
Antibodies and Antigens
Lymph Vessels, Nodes, and Fluid

12. (6) Cardiovascular System
Function:
Work with the respiratory system to circulate gases.
Pump nutrients throughout the body to working tissues.
Made Up Of:
Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood + Blood Cells

14. (7) Respiratory System Function: Made Up Of:
Work with the cardiovascular system to circulate gases.
Bring oxygen into body + expel carbon dioxide.
Made Up Of:
Nasal Cavity
Trachea + Bronchioles
Lungs
Diaphragm

16. (8) Skeletal System Function: Made Up Of:
Provide body support and mobility.
Protect organs.
Store minerals and growth hormones.
Made Up Of:
Bones
Joints
Cartilage

17. (9) Muscular System Function: Made Up Of:
Allow for body mobility by working with skeletal system.
Produce body heat.
Allow for organ function and movement.
Made Up Of:
Muscle
Ligaments + Tendons

19. (10) Digestive System Function: Made Up Of:
Break food into smaller pieces.
Metabolize biomolecules within food.
Absorb useful nutrients + expel waste.
Made Up Of:
Oral Cavity + Esophagus
Stomach
Small + Large Intestine
Rectum + Anus

20. (11) Excretory System (A.K.A. The Urinary System) Function:
Filter Blood.
Remove excessive / harmful compounds within blood.
Made Up Of:
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

22. (12) Reproductive System
Function:
Pass genes on to produced offspring.
Made Up Of:
Male  Sperm, Testes, Penis
Female  Eggs, Ovaries + Uterus, Vagina

24. (13) Endocrine System Function: Made Up Of: Produce hormones.
Control and initiate the progress of growth, development, organ function, and reproduction.
Made Up Of:
Glands
Hormones

25. (14) Integumentary System
Function:
Protect internal organs.
Allow for increased manipulation.
Increase heat barrier.
Produce vitamins.
Made Up Of:
Skin
Nails
Hair