1. Characteristics of a Poem
Line – unlike stories poems are broken into lines contributing to it’s meaning and sound Stanza – groups of lines work together to convey the overall meaning of that group (like a paragraph of a story)

2. Sound Devices
Rhyme – the repetition of sounds at the end of words (a, b, a, b or aa, bb, aa, bb, or other variation)
Rhythm – the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in each line
Meter – a regular pattern of rhythm
Repetition – the use of a word, phrase, or line more than once
Alliteration – the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of the word
Assonance – the repetition of vowel sounds in words

3. Rhyme Scheme: Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And Summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee.
a b a b c d c d e f e f g g
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4. Alliteration in Poetry: The Raven by E. A. Poe http://www. youtube
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore — While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “ ’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door — Only this and nothing more.”
Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December; And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; — vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow — sorrow for the lost Lenore — For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore — Nameless here for evermore.

5.
Personification
Two Sunflowers Move in the Yellow Room 
by Nancy Willard
"Ah, William, we're weary of weather," said the sunflowers, shining with dew. "Our traveling habits have tired us. Can you give us a room with a view?" They arranged themselves at the window and counted the steps of the sun, and they both took root in the carpet where the topaz tortoises run.

6. Figurative Language in Poetry
Similes – a comparison of two things using the words like or as
Metaphor - a comparison of two things that does not include the words like or as
Extended Metaphor – a metaphor that extends over several lines, stanzas or an entire poem
Personification- a description of an object, animal or idea as if it has human qualities and emotions

7. Similes A Dream Deferred
by Langston Hughes What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up  like a raisin in the sun?  Or fester like a sore--  And then run?  Does it stink like rotten meat?  Or crust and sugar over--  like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags  like a heavy load. Or does it explode?
Similes

8. Metaphors in Poetry
A Book Is  adapted from a poem by Kathy Leeuwenburg. A book is an open flower scented pages, fragrant hours a crafty fox surprising in its clever plots a fairy's wings with princesses, enchanted kings a windowsill where breezy thoughts are never still an hour glass whose pages flow as hours pass...

9. Sight Smell Taste Hear Touch/Feel Imagery Winter Winter looks like ice
Blue and white.
Winter smells like cinnamon and apples
The cider on the stove.
Winter tastes like the wassail
Warm and sweet on my tongue in my mouth.
Winter sounds like quiet,
Only crunching snow and an occasional bird.
Winter feels like warmth by the fire in the fireplace,
Snuggling up in my blanket with my hot chocolate in my hands.
Keeping the cold at bay.
A free verse imagery poem by Ms. Prindible
Imagery
Sight
Smell
Taste
Hear
Touch/Feel

10. Types of Poetry: Many
Lyrical – short poems expressing personal feelings and emotions that may be set to music and often involves the use of regular meter (we looked at these last week)
Free Verse – unconventional poem; the poet lets the ideas drive where each line breaks and when each stanza ends
Narrative Poetry – tells a story (we will discuss these later this week)
A Time to Talk by Robert Frost (Lyrical Poetry) When a friend calls to me from the road a And slows his horse to a meaning walk, b I don't stand still and look around c On all the hills I haven't hoed, a And shout from where I am, What is it? d No, not as there is a time to talk. b I thrust my hoe in the mellow ground, c Blade-end up and five feet tall, e And plod: I go up to the stone wall e For a friendly visit. d

11. Lyrical Poetry
Lyric poetry - short poems expressing personal feelings and emotions that may be set to music and often involves the use of regular meter
Review theme – the message the author wants the reader to understand about the piece or selection