1. Why Do Babies Die?
Elaine B. St. John, MD Division of Neonatology University of Alabama at Birmingham

2. Mortality by Country

3. Mortality by State

4. Mortality by Gestational Age

5. Causes of Death in Liveborns
Extreme Prematurity
RDS
PDA
Pulmonary
hemorrhage
CLD
NEC
MOSF
IVH
Termination/LAWR
Asphyxia/HIE
PPHN
Other
Anomaly/Sequence
Chromosomal
Abnormality
CHD
Other
Infection
Unexplained

6. Effect of Maternal Steroids

7. Effect of Consensus Statement on Prenatal Steroids0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
25-26wks
27-28wks
Home, No O 2
at 28d
Died PTD O
Died <12 hrs

8. Alphabet Soup AOP Apnea of Prematurity, A&B
BPD Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
CLD Chronic Lung Disease
HIE Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
IVH Intraventricular Hemorrhage
NEC Necrotizing Enterocolitis
PIE Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema
PPHN Persistent Pulm. Hypertension of the Newborn, PFC
RDS Respiratory Distress Syndrome, HMD
ROP Retinopathy of Prematurity, RLF

9. Alphabet Soup?

10. Annual Rates of Low Birth Weight, Preterm and Neonatal Mortality 1981 – 1998 Single Live Births to U.S. Resident Mothers ?

11. Distribution of Births
Survival & Births by GA
100%
30%
90%
25%
80%
70%
Survival
20%
60%
Distribution of Births
Distribution of Births
Survival
50%
15%
40%
10%
30%
20% 5%
10% 0% 0% 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
GA (wks)

12. Livebirth Causes of Death