1. Essential Question: How does ATP transfer energy for use by the cell and why can’t the cell use glucose for energy?

2. Energy Can change forms: Ability to do work
Cannot be created or destroyed
Can change forms:
- EX: Light energy can be changed into chemical energy

3. List all the types/forms of energy you can think of ...

4. Recall… HETEROTRPHS get energy by consuming other organisms
AUTOTROPHS can make their own food using energy from sunlight
Ex: Green plants, a few kinds of bacteria
HETEROTRPHS get energy by consuming other organisms
Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria

5. EVERYTHING is connected!
SUNLIGHT is the ultimate source of energy for everything on planet!

6. ATP ONE SPECIAL KIND of NUCLEOTIDE
ONE SPECIAL KIND of NUCLEOTIDE
is used by cells to store and transport
ENERGY
ATP
Image by: Riedell

7. CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY
3 PHOSPHATE GROUPS
ATP = __________________________
Adenosine triphosphate

8. ATP can change into ADP ADP = __________________________
2 PHOSPHATE GROUPS
ADP = __________________________
Adenosine diphosphate

9. Energy is stored in BONDS!!
Compounds like ATP are held together by chemical bonds.
Energy is stored in those chemical bonds.

10. Energy Stored in Bonds of ATP

11. When you break a chemical bond energy is released.

12. To release energy, the cell breaks off a phosphate… And makes ADP!
This energy is used to power cellular activities
And our cells can do this over and over again!

13. The energy to do this comes from FOODS like GLUCOSE
Cells STORE energy by adding the
phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP.
The energy to do this comes from FOODS like GLUCOSE
ATP
ADP + ___ + ________ → ___
It’s like recharging the battery !

14. ATP-ADP Cycle Video

15. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Na + - K+ pump Endocytosis
Exocytosis :

16. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
Movement
Meiosis:
Cilia:

17. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
Chemical reactions Synthesis of biomolecules
Replication:
Transcription:
Translation:

18. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
GROWTH
and
REPAIR

19. ATP is useful BUT . . .
A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than 90 TIMES chemical energy as ATP.
Cells CANNOT use glucose for energy ~ it must first be converted to ATP

20. _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later.
CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY
GLYCOGEN is
the way
_________ cells store GLUCOSE
to use later.
ANIMAL
Image from:

21. store GLUCOSE for later.
CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY
STARCH is
the way
_______ cells
store GLUCOSE for later.
PLANT
Images from:

22. ATP is useful BUT . . .
ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but NOT good for storing LARGE amounts of energy LONG TERM. Cells only keep enough ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning glucose.

23. Cornell Summary