1. Hybrid Transvaginal Nephrectomy
Anibal W. Branco, Alcides J. Branco Filho, William Kondo, Rafael W. Noda, Nilton Kawahara, Affonso A.H. Camargo, Luciano C. Stunitz, Jarbas Valente, Marlon Rangel 
European Urology 
Volume 53, Issue 6, Pages (June 2008)
DOI: /j.eururo
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
(A) Index finger dissection of the cul-de-sac and entrance in the abdominal cavity. (B) Laparoscopic visualization of the pelvic structures. (C) Placement of the endoscope through the vaginal cavity. (D) External view of the surgery.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
(A and B) Mobilization of the hepatic angle of the colon. (C) Retraction of the ureter with an endoscopic grasping forceps (Olympus) and dissection of the renal hilum. (D) Ligature of the renal vein using 5-mm Hem-o-lok clips.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
(A) Ligature of the renal artery using 5-mm Hem-o-lok clips. (B) Retrieving the kidney from the abdominal cavity using the polipectomy snare. (C) Surgical specimen. (D) Final aspect of the surgery.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions