1. Identify and describe the ETHNIC GROUPS INVOLVED IN THE VIOLENCE: Kenya
Kikuyu –
Largest group, but not majority
Farmers
Colonial Government favored
Elected first President after independence
Kalenjin-
Elected 2nd President who established one-party rule from
Semi-nomadic herders
Have better weapons, and are well organized and trained militarily

2. Explain WHY there has been tension between the ethnic groups
During colonial rule, most land was taken by white settlers and farmed by Kikuyu; at independence Kikuyu gained the land. This fueled ethnic mistrust and tension.
Despite efforts at Harambee (unity) each ethnic group favored a government led by its own leaders
Elections bring about violence (especially directed toward the Kikuyu); and much of the violence has been GOVERNMENT planned as a means of holding onto power once elected
Thousands have died in the violence and retaliations

3. Identify and describe the ETHNIC GROUPS INVOLVED IN THE VIOLENCE: Nigeria
Tensions revolve around both tribal rivalries and religious conflicts
Hausas and Fulanis
Ruled in the northern part
Muslim
Favor the use of Islamic Law in governing the country
Yorubas
Ruled in the southern part
Ibo
Concentrated in the south
Christians
Tried to declare themselves independent and sparked the 1966 civil war
Oppose the use of Islamic Law in governing the country

4. Explain WHY there has been tension between the ethnic groups
Slave trade made previous rivalries for power even worse
British selection of “chiefs” to rule groups of tribes increased resentment between groups
After independence each group wanted to control the nation and its oil reserves (=wealth)
Civil War began in 1966, destroying the people and land
Even if peace was temporarily declared, seven coups or coup attempts destabilized the country and brought dictators to power
Military force has been the only thing to stop the common outbreaks of violence

5. What themes are evident in the case studies of Kenya & Nigeria?

6. THEMES: THEMES: -Legacy of Colonialism -Economic Rivalry
-Government Instability
-Dictatorship
THEMES:
-Legacy of Colonialism
-Economic Rivalry
-Government Instability
-Dictatorship

7. Analyzing Political Cartoons

8. Agenda
1.) Get into small groups based on the number you were given 2.) Review the details of your assigned cartoon 3.) Complete your Cartoon Political Analysis Questions 4.) Your group will then come to the board and share your analysis with the class 5.) As each group presents, record the details for each cartoon on your Analyzing Political Cartoons Note Sheet > Submit Objective: Analyze political cartoons to determine cartoonist’s audience and purpose

17. Now
Read the two texts “Darfur: The Genocide Continues” and “Democratic Republic of the Congo”
Complete the squares for DRC & Sudan on the graphic organizer
Review your notes for Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, and Rwanda – Add relevant information
Complete the Similarities Circle on the Graphic Organizer > Discuss

18. DRC Two civil wars, one connected directly to Rwanda
multiple parties and Congo military FDRC
sexual violence, child soldiers, forced displacement, etc.
FDLR leaders are perpetratros of Rwandan genocide
many resources/minerals located in DRC drew multiple nations attention to the crisis

19. Sudan Black Africans vs Arab Africans Janjaweed militia
Starvation crisis
UN World Food Program not enough help/not getting food to those who need it
Oil influences China, Russia, and Quatar
US troops killed and bodies dragged through the streets; Pakastani and Malaysian troops killed too
Questionable ties to al-Qaeda

20. Similarities -Legacy of Colonialism -Economic Rivalry
-Government Instability
-Dictatorship
-Ethnic Violence
-Refugee/relocations
- civil war and questions of Critical Humanitarian Intervention arise

22. http://www. theguardian

24. THEMES: -Legacy of Colonialism -Economic Rivalry
-Government Instability
-Dictatorship

26. http://www. businessinsider