1. Warm Up – April 10 What is imperialism?
Answer the following questions using your notes from yesterday:
What is imperialism?
Why did Britain want to take control of India?
What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?
What were positive effects of Imperialism on India and Africa
What were negative effects of imperialism on India and Africa
What was the Sepoy Mutiny? What effects did this mutiny have in India?

2. UNIT 7: Imperialism and world war I
Consequences of Imperialism and the Causes of World War I

3. Consequences of Imperialism
Gandhi Uses Civil Disobedience in India
Over 1 million Indians enlisted in the British army during World War I
They were promised reforms that would eventually lead to self-government, but when they returned from the war, they were treated as 2nd class citizens again; lead to acts of violence
The British passed the Rowlatt Acts that allowed them to imprison dissenters without a trial for up to 2 years

4. Consequences of Imperialism
10,000 Hindus and Muslims flocked to city of Amristar to protest; British opened fire and killed 400 Indians and wounded Known as Amristar Massacre

5. Consequences of Imperialism
Mahatma Gandhi encouraged the Indian National Congress to follow a policy of noncooperation with the British by use of civil disobedience
Civil Disobedience: the deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law through use of nonviolence
Gandhi organized boycotts of British goods, government schools, and refusal to pay British taxes

6. Consequences of Imperialism
Encouraged Indians to weave their own cloth and not buy British cloth

7. Consequences of Imperialism
Demonstrations often turned to riots, despite Gandhi’s pleas; Thousands of Indians arrested for strikes and demonstrations
Gandhi organized the Salt March; Indians marched 240 miles to the coast to collect seawater, let it evaporate, and collect the salt to avoid paying government taxes on salt
Another march to a salt processing site saw the British attack peaceful demonstrators with steel-tipped clubs. 60,000 arrested including Gandhi. The demonstration was carried in newspapers across the globe
1935, the British Parliament passed the Government of India Act which provided local self-government and limited democratic elections

8. The Salt March

9. Consequences of Imperialism
Setting the Stage:
Imperialism often makes one group(s) subjects of another group.
This results in racism, economic disparities, and hatred
Eventually that hatred causes reactions as seen in Rwanda, Darfur, India, and The Balkans region of Europe

10. Unrest in the Balkans

11. Consequences of Imperialism
Unrest in the Balkans
Rivalries in Europe caused many nations to compete with one another leading to a rise in Nationalism
Secret alliances were formed between countries in case of armed conflict
Competition for materials and markets grew and territorial disputes became more intense
The Berlin Conference was meant to keep European countries from going to war over Africa but imperialism and militarism back home were causing tensions to rise

12. Consequences of Imperialism
The Balkan region of Europe in the Southeast, saw many groups struggling to free themselves from the declining Ottoman Empire
Nationalism was growing in Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, and among other ethnic groups who wanted independence
Austria-Hungry opposed Serbia’s attempts at united Slavic people
1908 Austria annexed or took over Bosnia and Herzegovina with large Slavic populations and threatened to crush any Serbian effort to undermine its authority

13. The Spark That Started WWI

15. Consequences of Imperialism
Gavrilo Princip, and 19 year old Serbian, decided to shoot Austria-Hungary’s heir to the throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife and point blank range while they were on a visit to Sarajevo on June 28, 1914
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia and the alliance system brought all of Europe into War by August 1914; World War I had begun

16. Causes of WWI Reading
Answer the following questions on the same post – it as the warm up:
1. What are the four major causes of World War I?
2. How did the French Revolution and Napoleon influence people in Europe?
3. What need did the Industrial Revolution create in Britain, France, and Germany? What became clear as the Scramble for Africa came to a close?
4. How did countries build up their militaries? How did technology play an important role in militarization?
5. What was the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente?

17. THE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
M –
A – I-
N -

18. CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I M – Militarism A – Alliances I – Imperialism
N - Nationalism

19. General Causes Militarism –building up, glorifying military
Countries wanted to prove their military was best
Germany wants the world’s best navy; this threatened Britain, which had the best, led to arms race

20. General Causes Alliance System – promise to help each other in war
If two nations fought, all of Europe would fight
Alliances before WWI:
Germany & Austria-Hungary
France, Britain, Russia & Serbia

21. General Causes Imperialism –taking over places, making them colonies
France & Britain colonized most of the world
Germany tried to gain colonies, which threatened France & Britain

22. General Causes Nationalism – Pride in one’s country
European countries believed that building an empire equaled greatness
This led many nations to expand and try to control as much land as possible

24. Specific Cause Austria-Hungary empire ruled central Europe
That area contained an ethnic group called Slavs
Serbia wanted parts of Austria-Hungary with lots of Slavs to break away & become part of Serbia
Slavic Nationalism

25. Specific Cause Austria-Hungary takes over Bosnia
Serbia had wanted Bosnia to join with them
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Austria-Hungary’s throne, goes on a parade through Bosnia

26. Specific Cause
During the parade, he was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

27. Specific Cause Germany also declares war on Serbia
Germany & Austria-Hungary think Russia will help Serbia, so they declare war on Russia
Germany thinks France will help Russia, so they launch the Schlieffen Plan

28. Schlieffen Plan
German plan to quickly defeat France, then focus on Russia
Plan fails, leads to stalemate & trench warfare on Western Front

29. Schlieffen Plan Germany goes through Belgium on the way to France
Belgium tries to stop them, so Germany attacks
Great Britain, Belgium’s ally, declares war on Germany

30. World War I
The Central Powers – Germany, Austria- Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
The Allied Powers – Serbia, Russia, France, Britain, Italy, Belgium, and eventually the United States

31. Fighting on Two Fronts Fighting on two fronts:
Western front: France/Germany border
Eastern Front: Russia/Germany border

32. Trench Warfare Kind of combat on the Western Front
Huge number of deaths, long stalemates (very little movement)
Defense was best strategy; wait out your opponent
Conditions in trenches were terrible – cold, wet, unsanitary – leads to diseases and infections (ex. Trench foot)
Land in between the trenches was called “No Man’s Land”

37. Christmas Day Truce of 1914

40. New Weapons Machine guns Poison Gas Aircraft Tanks
Weapons that could kill
more people, faster

41. TOD – April 10
Answer the following questions on the same post it as the reading questions.
1. What is civil disobedience? What is an example of civil disobedience used by Gandhi against the British?
2. What was the purpose of the Salt March? 3.