1. Write in complete sentences please!
Bell Ringer-01/31/18
What is the job of the digestive system?
Write in complete sentences please!

2. The Digestive System 8th Grade Health

3. DIGESTION- The process by which the body breaks down the food you eat.
DIGESTION- The process by which the body breaks down the food you eat.
also known as the alimentary canal the digestive system is about 25ft. long.
MOUTH – digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed (mastication) and mixed
with saliva.
TONGUE- allows us to: 1. taste our food 2. helps us swallow 3. helps us chew 4. and helps us to talk.
TEETH- allow us to 1. bite or tear our food 2. chew our food and 3. pronounce certain
words.

4. The Journey of Food
After chewing the ball of food (bolus) is swallowed and travels down the
- Esophagus- the tube that connects the mouth and stomach
- Stomach- the pouch that holds food and mixes it with digestive juices
- Small Intestine - where most of digestion takes place.
- the food is pushed through by contractions of the smooth muscles of the intestines. (peristalsis)

5. Liver- produces bile that is stored in the gall bladder until needed to breakdown fats we eat.
Pancreas- Produces digestive enzymes to complete digestion and also releases insulin needed for the breakdown of sugars we eat.
not enough insulin causes a disorder known as diabetes.
Large Intestine- contractions (peristalsis) push the food into the large intestine where water and some vitamins are absorbed. What is left is solid waste (feces) and is held in the rectum until it is removed (bowel movement) through the anus.

6. Digestion begins in the mouth when you chew your food
The Journey of Food
Digestion begins in the mouth when you chew your food
Chewing makes the food particles smaller in size
Saliva that is produced in the salivary glands moistens food and makes food easier to swallow
Food passes through your esophagus to your stomach
Your stomach churns and mixes food with acidic juices breaking your food down into a fine juice
After a few hours your food leaves your stomach and inters the small intestine

7. No digestion happens in the large intestine
The Journey of Food
Your small intestine is where most of chemical digestion and absorption
The liver, the gall bladder, and the pancreas all release chemicals into the small intestine these chemicals aid digestion
No digestion happens in the large intestine
Materials that enter the large intestine are mostly waste products
These waste products are pushed out through the anus, the whole process takes about 25 hours

8. How the Body Absorbs Nutrients
In the stomach alcohol, simple sugars and salts are absorbed.
After the food is broken down, inside the Small intestine there are microscopic projections called villi that absorb the nutrients into the bloodstream.
In the large intestine only water and simple salts are absorbed. (Some Vitamins)

9. Problems of the Digestive system
Indigestion- pain or discomfort in the stomach caused by food or illness. Treated with antacids or medicine and avoiding spicy foods.
Heartburn- a burning in the esophagus caused by stomach acids. Treated with antacids or medicines to reduce the acids.
Diarrhea- unformed or watery feces caused by illness or reaction to something you ate. Treated by medicines and time.

10. Constipation - not having a bowel movement
Constipation - not having a bowel movement. Treated by laxatives, drinking more water and healthy diet. (Fiber)
Ulcers- an open sore of the stomach lining or the intestines. Treated with antacids or other drugs. Avoid acidic foods.
Appendicititis- inflammation of the appendix which can burst and cause infection of the abdominal area. Treated by surgery to remove appendix.

11. Hemorrhoids- Swollen inflamed tissue of the rectum caused by constipation and poor diet. Prevented by good diet or treated with surgery.
Stomach and colon cancer- a tumor in the stomach, colon, or rectum – related to diet and or age. Treated by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Prevented by a healthy diet.

12. Excretion
Excretion- the elimination of waste: Waste is removed from the body 4 main ways.
Urinary system removes liquid waste (urine) from the blood.
The skin- removes waste (salts) and water through perspiration.
Lungs- remove carbon dioxide and water vapor when we exhale.
Large intestine- removes solid waste (feces) from our digestive system.