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7TH HEALTH
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3 Main Functions a. Digestion – breakdown of foods within stomach and intestines for use by body’s cells b. Absorption – passage of digested food from digestive tract into blood c. Elimination – body’s expulsion of undigested food or body wastes.
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The Digestive Process 4 sections 1. Mouth 2. Throat 3. Stomach
4. Intestines
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The Digestive Process - Mouth
Teeth break food you eat into smaller pieces b. Mastication – the process of chewing c. Saliva is produced by salivary glands. Saliva contains an enzyme that breaks down food in the mouth – Amylase.
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The Digestive Process - Mouth
d. Tongue – shapes and prepares food for swallowing Make sure to brush tongue to avoid bad breath!!!
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The Digestive Process – The Throat
a. The uvula – small flap of tissue at the back of the throat that prevents food from going to the nasal passages b. The epiglottis – flap of tissue which covers the throat, preventing food from entering your airways.
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The Digestive Process – The Throat
When food is swallowed, it enters the esophagus – a 10 inch tube that connects the throat to the stomach d. Peristalsis – series of involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system e. (similar to squeezing a tube of toothpaste from the bottom up)
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The Digestive Process - Stomach
a. Stomach - hollow sac-like organ connected to the esophagus b. Functions: - digests food with gastric juices - moves food into small intestine c. Converts food into chyme - a creamy mixture of food and gastric juices.
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The Digestive Process - Intestines
a. from the stomach, food moves into small intestines 20-23 feet long, 1 inch in diameter This is where most of the nutrients from food are absorbed into the body!!! b. inner lining contains villi – tiny fingerlike projections that help absorb nutrients
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The Digestive Process - Intestines
c. any unabsorbed material goes from the small intestine into the large intestine d. here water is absorbed; helps to eliminate waste e. undigested food passes through the large intestine; or the colon f. exited through the anus
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Helpers of the Digestive System
1. It is important to note food DOES NOT pass through these organs! 2. Pancreas a. produces enzymes to help break down food b. produces insulin to help regulate blood sugar levels
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Helpers of the Digestive System
. Liver a. produces bile b. Bile – a green fluid that helps breakdown fats 4. Gallbladder a. small pouch which stores the bile
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Complete the table with information from the following slides.
Functional Problem What is it? Causes? Symptoms Heartburn Nausea Gastritis Lactose Intolerance Peptic Ulcer
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HEARTBURN Caused acid refluxing back into the esophagus.
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GASTRITIS An inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach. Causes: Irritation from excessive alcohol use, chronic vomiting, stress Symptoms: Nausea or upset stomach, abdominal pain, vomiting, indigestion, burning feeling in stomach between meals.
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LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
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the body cannot easily digest lactose, a type of natural sugar found in milk and dairy products.
Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine does not make enough of an enzyme called lactase. Your body needs lactase to break down, or digest, lactose. Symptoms: Bloating. Pain or cramps. Gurgling or rumbling sounds in your belly. Gas.
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PEPTIC ULCER
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painful sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or first part of the small intestine
No single cause has been found for ulcers. However, it is now clear that an ulcer is the end result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach and duodenum. Symptoms: A gnawing or burning pain in the middle or upper stomach between meals or at night Bloating Heartburn Nausea or vomiting
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NAUSEA Nausea is an unpleasant sensation of discomfort or unease in the stomach (queasy stomach), accompanied by an urge to vomit. Several possible causes include: Symptoms include: motion sickness intense headache stomach infection fever Migraine vomiting Certain odors dizziness Food poisoning light-headedness Viruses Emotional stress
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Digestive System Care 1. Eat foods high in fiber!
Fiber helps food and waste pass through the digestive tract Reduces risk of colon cancer Beans, Prunes, Pears, and Leafy Green Vegetables are good sources
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Digestive System Care 2. Drink plenty of water 8 glasses a day!
Helps keep things moving regularly
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Digestive System Care 3. Eat slowly and don’t hurry through your meals
Eating too fast can cause gas or indigestion
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In Class Assignment In class, you will be working with a partner to write a creative story of a trip through the digestive system. You will pretend you are a piece of food going step by step through the digestion process.
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