1. WHAT IS SCIENCE? Chapter 1 Key concept: What is the goal of science?
Interest Grabber
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
Chapter 1
Key concept:
What is the goal of science?

2. SCIENCE: Is an ________________ Uses_______ to ______ events
______and organizes ______
Deals only with __________
Looks for _______ and
__________
organized method
evidence explain
Collects information
natural world
patterns
connections
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3. _______________ that can be _______ by ___________________
Scientists:
_______________ that can be
_______ by ___________________
propose explanations
TESTED
examining evidence

4. Science is ______________but a ___________________
Because of new tools, techniques,
& discoveries, our understanding of
science is __________________.
not “just facts”
“WAY OF KNOWING”
ALWAYS CHANGING

5. Our understanding of science is _________ in _______ intelligent
AIDS
Renewable fuels
Global warming
Stem Cell Research
Alternative energy
Endangered species
Bird flu
Cancer
Pollution
Cloning
Nuclear power
Our understanding of science is
_________ in _______ intelligent
________ about a wide variety
of _______ that affect our lives.
essential
making
decisions
issues

6. Object A is a basketball. Object B is a table-tennis ball.
Observation and Inference
Section 1-1
Statement Observation Inference
Object A is round and orange. X
Object A is a basketball.
Object A is a basketball.
Object B is a table-tennis
ball.
Object C is a soccer ball.
Object C is round and black and white.
Object C is larger than Object B.
Object B is smooth.
Object B is a table-tennis ball.
Each object is used in a different sport.
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7. Flowchart Designing an Experiment State the Problem Analyze Results
Section 1-2
Designing an Experiment
State the Problem
Analyze Results
Form a Hypothesis
Draw a Conclusion
Set Up a Controlled Experiment
Publish Results
Record Results
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8. Figure 1-8 Redi’s Experiment on Spontaneous Generation
Section 1-2
OBSERVATIONS: Flies land on meat that is left uncovered. Later, maggots appear on the meat.
HYPOTHESIS: Flies produce maggots.
PROCEDURE
Uncovered jars
Covered jars
Controlled Variables:
jars, type of meat,
location, temperature,
time
Several
days pass
Manipulated Variables:
gauze covering that
keeps flies away from
meat
Responding Variable:
whether maggots
appear
Maggots appear
No maggots appear
CONCLUSION: Maggots form only when flies come in contact with meat. Spontaneous generation of maggots did not occur.
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9. Figure 1-10 Spallanzani’s Experiment
Section 1-2
Gravy is boiled.
Flask is
open.
Gravy is teeming
with microorganisms.
Flask is
sealed.
Gravy is free of
microorganisms.
Gravy is boiled.
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10. Figure 1-11 Pasteur’s Experiment
Section 1-2
Broth is boiled.
Broth is free of
microorganisms
for a year.
Curved neck
is removed.
Broth is
teeming with microorganisms.
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11. BIOLOGY =__________________ = ________________ The science of “LIFE”
Study of living things
Bacteria
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12. Characteristics of ALL LIVING THINGS
Made of _________
_____________
Based on a _____________________
_______ and ____________
______ & ___ ________ & _______
________ to their ____________
______________________________
As a group, __________________
cells
Reproduce
universal genetic code
Grow develop
Obtain use materials energy
Respond environment
Maintain a stable internal environment
change over time

13. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
The _____ is the
______________.
basic unit of life

14. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
UNICELLULAR
____________organisms are _____________
made of only 1 cell
bacteria
(Ex: _________)
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15. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
_________________ organisms _______ as _________ but as adults are
_________________________
Ex: (___________
__________ )
MULTICELLULAR
BEGIN
ONE CELL
MADE OF MANY CELLS
a human
a tree
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16. ALL LIVING THINGS Reproduce
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
________________________
_____________the
___________________
from _____________
________________
Seen in animals and plants
combines
genetic material
2 parents
sperm + egg = baby
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17. ALL LIVING THINGS Reproduce
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
_________________________
makes a new organism
using the
________________
from
_________________
Seen in bacteria, plants, and some animals
genetic material
ONLY 1 PARENT
Planaria animation:

18. All living things share a universal genetic code
Hereditary material = DNA
______________________
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
Segment of DNA
________________ with instructions for one _________
is called a ________.
PROTEIN
GENE
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19. ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop
Image by Riedell
_____________ organisms, like a bacterium, grow by ________________.
SINGLE CELLED
INCREASING in SIZE

20. ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop
Image by Riedell
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Multicellular organisms grow bigger by __________________
AND _____________________.
increasing cell size
increasing cell number

21. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS… but many _______________ of cells with _____________________
DIFFERENT KINDS
DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
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22. PROCESS OF CHANGING
The ________________ EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS into different looking ADULT cells doing different jobs =
__________________________
DIFFERENTIATION
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23. All cells have the SAME DNA...
_________________________
what makes them ___________ is
_______________ are _______________________
different
WHICH GENES
TURNED ON or OFF
See end of show for image sources

24. It’s like having a whole library full of books, but reading only the books that are important to you.

25. ALL LIVING THINGS Take in Materials & Use Energy
grow and develop
To________________,organisms _______ a constant supply of
____________________ &
____________
need
BUILDING MATERIALS
ENERGY!
This sheep uses the
MOLECULES and ENERGY
in the food it eats to
make “more sheep”

26. ALL LIVING THINGS Take in Materials & Use Energy
___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to ________________
AUTOTROPHS
make their own food
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GREEN PLANTS
Ex: _____________ use ____________to turn
_________ into _________
photosynthesis
glucose
sunlight

27. ALL LIVING THINGS Take in Materials & Use Energy
______________
get their energy by
___________________
HETEROTROPHS
consuming other organisms
Animals
Ex: ________ (including you) and _________________
most bacteria
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28. Vocab word chemical reactions metabolism
the combination of all the _________________ through which an organism ________ or ___________ materials as it carries out its life processes
= ___________________
chemical reactions
builds up
breaks down
metabolism

29. ALL LIVING THINGS Respond to their environment
A signal to which an organism responds
= ___________________
STIMULUS
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30. ALL LIVING THINGS Respond to their environment
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A stimulus can be
_________________
EXTERNAL
Ex: When there is enough water
and ground is warm enough,
seed germinates. Roots respond to
gravity & grow downward. Leaves respond to sunlight & grow up.

31. ALL LIVING THINGS Respond to their environment
A stimulus can be
____________
INTERNAL
Ex: When the glucose level in your bloodstream becomes low, your body responds by making you feel hungry.

32. VOCAB WORD
A cell works to keep conditions inside the cell constant = ______________________
IF temperature, water content, nutrients, acidity change too much
. . . the cell will die.
HOMEOSTASIS

33. HOMEOSTASIS involves internal __________ mechanisms FEEDBACK
If body temp drops too low,
“shivering” produces
heat to warm you up.
If temp is too hot, “sweating” cools you down.

34. HOMEOSTASIS Drinking a BIG GULP increases the amount
of water in your body
Your next stop gets rid of the excess water.
(OSMOREGULATION)

35. ALL LIVING THINGS as a group, change over time
EVOLUTION
= ______________
Allows _______ of ________ in a ___________
survival
species
changing world

36. Figure 1-21 Levels of Organization
Section 1-3
Biosphere
The part of Earth
that contains all
ecosystems
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community and
its nonliving
surroundings
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air
Community
Populations that
live together in a
defined area
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass
Population
Group of
organisms of one
type that live in
the same area
Bison herd
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37. Figure 1-21 Levels of Organization continued
Section 1-3
Organism
Individual living
thing
Bison
Tissues, organs,
and organ systems
Groups of
Cells
Nervous tissue
Brain
Nervous system
Smallest functional
unit of life
Cells
Nerve cell
Groups of atoms;
smallest unit of
most chemical
compounds
Molecules
Water
DNA
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