1. Theory of Evolution

2. Lamarck
Law of use & disuse
Inheritance of acquired characteristics

3. Lamarck’s hypothesis Rejected, attacked, proved incorrect Lamarck
First to state that organisms do change over time
New types of organisms are descended from slightly different organisms

4. Natural Selection Mid-1800’s Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace
Independently proposed that species were modified by natural selection
best suited to environment reproduce more
Over generations, favorable traits increase in a population

5. Darwin’s Data Trekked hundreds of kilometers
Collected many types of organisms
Observed thousands of species
13 similar but separate species of finches collected from the Galapagos Islands
Distinctive bill
Specialized for a particular food source
Similarities between finches implied a common ancestor

6. Evolution Occurs due to Modification by Natural Selection
Darwin
The environment limits the growth of populations
Competition
Predation
Overproduction
Adaptations
Variations
Natural Selection

7. Evolution Occurs due to Modification by Natural Selection
The environment may affect individual organisms in a population in different ways
Individuals of a species are not identical
Some will have traits that make them better able to cope w/ the environment
Natural Selection
Organisms with favorable traits will leave more offspring than organisms that don’t have as many favorable traits
Populations adapt to the environment

8. Evolution Occurs due to Modification by Natural Selection
Trait that will be passed on
One that allows organism to reproduce more successfully
One that is inherited
Allows a population to adapt to their environment
Proportion of good genes increases
The change in the genetic makeup of a population is evolution

9. Evolution Occurs due to Modification by Natural Selection
Organism with high fitness
Well adapted to environment
Contributes genetically to the next generation
Reproduces more successfully

10. Evolution Occurs due to Modification by Natural Selection
Not an active process
Organisms cannot purposely acquire favorable traits
Environment “selects” the favorable traits
Ability to run fast
Camouflage
Strength
Traits that are favorable in one environment may not be favorable in another environment
Favorable traits give organisms an adaptive advantage