1. European Colonization
Once the New World is discovered, the Big 4 four European countries begin competing for control of North America and the world….
Spain
England
France
Portugal
This power struggle ultimately leads to several wars.

2. F/I War 1750

3. The Spanish Spain was the first to pursue colonization, wanted GOLD
First permanent colonies in what will become United States are founded by Spain

4. Explorers Sailing For Spain
Columbus - Italian sailing for Spain - Landed in the Bahamas- 1492
Wanted to reach Asia, not America
Magellan - Portuguese sailing for Spain - 1st to circumnavigate the world

5. On his second voyage Columbus brought Conquistadors
Spanish soldiers who came to the New World to help conquer and settle the Americas for Spain.
Some of their methods were harsh and brutal especially to the Native American population.

6. Bartolomé de las Casas
Priest that came to the new world and recorded what he saw
“With my own eyes I saw Spaniards cut off the nose and ears of Indians, male and female, without provocation, merely because it pleased them to do it.”
“They took infants from their mothers' breasts, snatching them by the legs and pitching them headfirst against the crags or snatched them by the arms and threw them into the rivers, roaring with laughter and saying as the babies fell into the water, "Boil there, you offspring of the devil!”

7. First Spanish Conquests: The Aztecs Hernan Cortes conquered Aztec Empire in and took control of modern day Mexico.
vs.
Hernando Cortés
Montezuma II

8. Cortes continued Captures and kills the Aztec leader Montezuma
Led to fall of the largest indigenous civilization in South America
Showed how much power Europeans had over tribes in America

9. Disease
Another factor of why Europeans succeeded in dominating tribes in America.
Native Americans were not immune to European diseases.

10. Spanish and natives get it on!! Spanish Class System
The more Spanish blood you had the more important you were….
1. Peninsulares: People born in Spain
2. Creoloes: Spainish people born in America
3. Mezstizos: Half Native/Half European
4. Mulattoes: Half Native/Half Black

11. The Colonial Class System
Peninsulares Spanish ancestory
Creoles Spanish and Black mixture.
Mestizos Spanish and Indian mixture
Mulattos White American and Black mixture
Black Slaves
Native Indians

12. ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM
Spanish practice of forcing natives to work for free. Natives must honor their new rulers.
First form of slavery in the new world.
Encomienda system eventually killed off the Indian population due to starvation and disease.

13. Missionaries
Spanish sent missionaries to convert Native Americans to Catholicism.
Showed no respect for the natives religion.

14. Indentured servants
People that came to America to work as servants for free! Different then slaves.
Would have their trip to the New World paid for.
They would also receive food and shelter.

15. Think-Pair-Share Why would someone agree to be an indentured servant?
How is it different then slavery?

16. European Colonization
The Portuguese
European Colonization
The Portuguese were the first to begin searching for an all water route to Asia…..
Prince Henry the Navigator – 1450’s

17. Explorers Sailing For Portugal
Prince Henry the Navigator - Portugal - Funded Exploration down coast of Africa
Created a school for explorers
da Gama - Portugal - Opened trade with India First European to get to Asian by sea!

18. European trade routes

19. The French
French settle Quebec (1608) & Montreal (1642) and what would become Canada
Develop a fur trade

22. English Catholics Sailed to America to escape religious oppression.
Wanted religious freedom.
Protestant vs. Catholic

23. Slave Trade

24. Triangular Trade
Slave trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

25. Middle Passage Journey from Africa to America
Slaves were crammed into ships, chained, naked, and with very little food or water.
Horrible conditions

26. Effects of Exploration
Columbian exchange
Mercantilism rises
Slave trade begins
Thousands of Native Americans die from disease
Was exploration good for the world???