1. Electron Behavior

2. Basic Info
You can never determine the exact location of an electron; however, you can predict (based on probablilty) where they will most likely be.

3. General Info (cont) Electrons will be found in
different energy levels “shells” These levels go from outside the nucleus to the outer part of the electron cloud.

4. Electron Movement
Electrons can move from one energy level to another depending on the situation.
Ground state-lowest possible energy level
Excited state-any energy level higher than ground state

5. Electron Movement Ground to Excited-absorb Energy
Excited to Ground-release energy-(light)

6. Electromagnetic Spectrum
The color of light given off is due to the amount of energy the electron emits. This correlates with the Electromagnetic spectrum

7. Energy Levels
1st -can hold up to 2 e-
2nd -can hold up to 8 e-
3rd -can hold up to 18 e-
4th –can hold up to 32 e-

8. Valence electrons Electrons in the outermost energy level
Involved in bonding
Determine most properties of the element

9. B. How many energy levels? C. How many valence electrons?
Example:
Nitrogen
A. How many electrons?
B. How many energy levels?
C. How many valence electrons?

10. B. How many energy levels? C. How many valence electrons?
Example: Mg
A. How many electrons?
B. How many energy levels?
C. How many valence electrons?

11. B. How many energy levels? C. How many valence electrons?
Example: Ar
A. How many electrons?
B. How many energy levels?
C. How many valence electrons?

12. Think…
What do you know about column 18 on the periodic table?

14. Ions Will lose/gain electrons to meet the octet rule Cation- (+) ion
Anion- (-) ion

15. EX: Cl A. How many valence electrons?
B. How many electrons needed to meet octet rule?
C. What is the “normal” ion charge for Cl?

16. EX: Li A. How many valence electrons?
B. How many electrons needed to meet octet rule?
C. What is the “normal” ion charge for Li?

17. EX: Al A. How many valence electrons?
B. How many electrons needed to meet octet rule?
C. What is the “normal” ion charge for Al?

18. Lewis Dot Structures
Diagram showing valence electrons

19. Draw Lewis Dot Structures
N Li Mg Al Ar Cl