1. AP Gov Review: Unit #1 In 10 Minutes!
Everything You Need To Know About Unit #1 In 10 Minutes!

2. Constitutional Influence
Enlightenment:
Natural rights - life, liberty, and property
T-Paine’s Common Sense
Declaration of Independence:
Justified independence, drew on Enlightenment ideas
Articles of Confederation were designed to be weak
Economic issues
Shays’ Rebellion -> revision of Articles…
Annapolis Convention promise for a convention in Philly the next year

3. Separation of Powers What is it?
Dividing power among different branches of government - Montesquieu
Congressional Powers (Article 1)- declare war, tax, tariffs, trade
House - impeach
Senate - jurors in impeachment, approve appointments
Presidential Powers (Article 2):
Commander in chief, appoints officials, enforce laws
Judicial Powers (Article 3):
Hold positions for life….. why?
Judicial Review - Marbury v. Madison (1803)

4. Checks and Balances Legislative checks on:
Executive - impeach, override vetoes, approve nominations
Judicial - Confirm/reject nominees, impeach judges
Executive checks on:
Legislative - veto bills, propose bills/budgets
Judicial - nominates judges, pardon individuals
Judicial checks on:
Legislative - judicial review - laws and treaties
Executive - declare executive orders unconstitutional

5. Federalists, Antifederalists, & Bill of Rights
Federalists - those that favored ratification of the Constitution
Federalist Papers - 85 reasons why the Constitution is awesome
Hamilton, Madison, Jay
Anti-Federalists - those that opposed ratification of the Constitution
Bill of Rights - 1st 10 amendments
List of rights and liberties
Added to gain support of the Anti- feds for ratification

6. Federalism
What is it?
Division of powers between national and state governments
10th amendment:
Reserved powers for states
Dual Federalism - clearly divided (layer cake) between national and state
Cooperative - National and federal government sharing powers (marble cake)
Highways, education, etc.
Devolution (New Federalism):
Transferring certain national powers back to states - popular under Reagan
Federal Grants:
Categorical - main source, clearly defined purpose
Project - based on applications
Formula - $ is given based on formula (Medicaid)
Block grants - more leeway for states

7. Theories of Government
Traditional Democratic Theory:
Majority rule, restraints on majority
Republican Government:
Elected officials represent the citizens of a country
Pluralism:
Belief that groups CAN influence public policy through organizations - NRA, NOW, UAW
Elitism:
Belief that wealthy have too much influence in politics
Hyperpluralism:
Belief that there are too many groups and therefore, government is weakened

8. Quick Recap
Enlightenment -> Declaration -> Articles -> Shays’ -> Constitution
Powers of each branch
Know specific checks of each branch on others
Federalists v. Anti-Federalists
Why the Bill of Rights were added
Types of Federalism - dual, cooperative, devolution
10th Amendment
Types of grants - categorical and block
Theories of Government

9. See You Back Here For Unit #2 In 10 Minutes!
Thanks for watching
Best of luck this year!