1. Sedimentary rocks... Choose the correct answer
Were formed when magma forced its way into the earth’s crust
Were formed when material was deposited by rivers onto the sea bed
Were formed when rocks were changed by high temperature and /or pressure

2. Sorry - that is wrong
Metamorphic rocks were formed when rocks were changed by very high temperatures or pressure
This rock was changed when it was crushed and folded under great pressure

3. Sorry - that is wrong
Igneous rocks were formed when magma forced its way to the earth’s crust.

4. Well done
Click for next question

5. Igneous rocks... Choose the correct answer
Were formed when material was deposited by rivers onto the sea bed
Were formed when magma forced its way into the earth’s crust
Were formed when rocks were changed by high temperature and /or pressure

6. Sorry - that is wrong
Metamorphic rocks were formed when rocks were changed by very high temperatures or pressure

7. Sorry - that is wrong
Sedimentary rocks were formed when layers of material (sediment) was deposited on the sea bed

8. Well done
Click for next question

9. Metamorphic rocks... Choose the correct answer
Were formed when material was deposited by rivers onto the sea bed
Were formed when magma forced its way into the earth’s crust
Were formed when rocks were changed by high temperature and /or pressure

10. Sorry - that is wrong
Igneous rocks were formed when magma forced its way to the earth’s crust.

11. Sorry - that is wrong
Sedimentary rocks were formed when layers of material (sediment) was deposited on the sea bed

12. Well done
Click for next question

13. Extrusive rocks... Choose the 4 correct answers Are igneous
Are sedimentary rocks
Were formed above the earth’s crust, at the surface
Were formed within the earth’s crust
Usually have large crystals
Granite is an example of an extrusive rock
Basalt is an example of an extrusive rock
Usually have small crystals
Are metamorphic rocks
Click here to check your answers

14. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

15. Extrusive rocks are igneous
They were formed when molten magma forced its way into the earth’s crust
The magma broke through the crust and onto the earth’s surface
The magma cooled quickly above the earth’s surface

16. That’s right. Extrusive rocks were formed above the earth’s crust
The molten magma was able to reach the surface of the earth. It cooled quickly at the surface.

17. Extrusive rocks usually have small crystals
The molten magma cooled quickly at the surface, so large crystals did not have time to form. Crystals in extrusive rocks are small.
Basalt is extrusive – it has small crystals
Granite is intrusive – it has large crystals

18. Basalt is an example of an extrusive rock
You know this because basalt has small crystals - this tells you that it cooled quickly above the earth’s surface so large crystals did not have time to form.

19. Extrusive rocks... Choose the 4 correct answers Are igneous
Are sedimentary rocks
Were formed above the earth’s crust, at the surface
Were formed within the earth’s crust
Usually have large crystals
Granite is an example of an intrusive rock
Basalt is an example of an intrusive rock
Usually have small crystals
Are metamorphic rocks
Click for next question

20. Intrusive rocks... Choose the 4 correct answers Are igneous
Are sedimentary rocks
Were formed above the earth’s crust, at the surface
Were formed within the earth’s crust
Usually have large crystals
Granite is an example of an intrusive rock
Basalt is an example of an intrusive rock
Usually have small crystals
Are metamorphic rocks
Click here to check your answers

21. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

22. Intrusive rocks are igneous
They were formed when molten magma forced its way into the earth’s crust
However, the magma did not get as far as the earth’s surface
The magma cooled slowly beneath the earth’s surface
Intrusive rocks

23. Intrusive rocks were formed within the earth’s crust
The molten magma was not able to reach the surface of the earth. It cooled slowly beneath the surface.
Magma did not get to the surface

24. Intrusive rocks usually have large crystals
The molten magma cooled slowly beneath the surface, so large crystals had time to form. Crystals in intrusive rocks are large.

25. Granite is an example of an intrusive rock
You know this because granite has large crystals - this tells you that it cooled slowly beneath the earth’s surface so large crystals had time to form.
Large crystals

26. Intrusive rocks... Choose the 4 correct answers Are igneous
Are sedimentary rocks
Were formed above the earth’s crust, at the surface
Were formed within the earth’s crust
Usually have large crystals
Granite is an example of an intrusive rock
Basalt is an example of an intrusive rock
Usually have small crystals
Are metamorphic rocks
Click for next question

27. Limestone is... Choose the 3 correct answers A metamorphic rock
Made mostly from bones
Made from sodium carbonate
A sedimentary rock
Made from calcium bicarbonate
Made mostly from sea shells
Made from calcium carbonate
An igneous rock
Made mostly from mud

28. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

29. Well done
Now find the others
Finished? Check your answers

30. Limestone is... Choose the 3 correct answers A metamorphic rock
Made mostly from bones
Made from sodium carbonate
A sedimentary rock
Made from calcium bicarbonate
Made mostly from sea shells
Made from calcium carbonate
An igneous rock
Made mostly from mud
Click for next question

31. Limestone can be used.. Choose the 4 correct answers
as a building material
as a fertiliser
to make glass
To make plastic
to make toothpaste
to make cement
to neutralise acidic soils
to neutralise alkaline soils
as a road surfacing material
Finished? Click here to check your answers

32. Limestone can be used as a building material
Yes, that’s right. Limestone makes a good building material in areas where it is plentiful.
It can be quarried and cut into blocks
These blocks can be used to build houses
However - it is badly affected by acid rain (although this happens slowly)!!

33. Limestone can be used as a fertiliser
SORRY THAT’S WRONG!!!
Limestone does not have important plant nutrients in it (such as nitrogen or phosphates)

34. Limestone can be used to make plastic
SORRY THAT’S WRONG!!!
Oil, not limestone, is used to make plastics

35. Limestone can be used to make glass
Yes, that’s right. Limestone is mixed with sand and soda (sodium carbonate)
They are then heated
The mixture melts
When it cools it is transparent
LIMESTONE + SAND + SODA heat GLASS

36. Limestone can be used to make toothpaste
SORRY THAT’S WRONG!!!
Kaolin, not limestone, is used to make toothpaste

37. Limestone can be used to make cement
Yes, that’s right. Powdered limestone is mixed with powdered clay.
They are then heated to make dry cement
The cement is mixed with sand, gravel and water. When it dries it makes a hard stone like building material called concrete
POWDERED LIMESTONE + POWDERED CLAY HEAT DRY CEMENT
DRY CEMENT + SAND + GRAVEL + WATER CONCRETE

38. Limestone can be used to neutralise acidic soils
Yes, that’s right. Powdered limestone can be put onto acidic soils but it is very slow to work .
So it can be heated to make quicklime.
Quicklime can be mixed with water to make slaked lime.
Slaked lime is a hydroxide (a strong alkali) so it works much faster.
LIMESTONE HEAT QUICKLIME
CALCIUM CARBONATE CALCIUM OXIDE + CARBON DIOXIDE
QUICKLIME + WATER SLAKED LIME
CALCIUM OXIDE CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

39. Limestone can be used to neutralise alkaline soils
SORRY THAT’S WRONG!!!
Limestone is alkaline, so it would make them MORE alkaline

40. Limestone can be used as a road surfacing material
SORRY THAT’S WRONG!!!
Basalt or dolerite, not limestone, are used for road surfacing

41. Limestone can be used.. The 4 correct answers are:-
as a building material
as a fertiliser
to make glass
To make plastic
to make toothpaste
to make cement
to neutralise acidic soils
to neutralise alkaline soils
as a road surfacing material
Click for next question

42. Limestone .. Choose the 4 correct answers Is an igneous rock
Contains bedding planes and joints
Contains large crystals
Contains fossils
Is a sedimentary rock
Is a metamorphic rock
Can often be dated easily
Finished? Click here to check your answers

43. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

44. Limestone is a sedimentary rock
Yes, that’s right. Limestone was formed from millions of shelled sea creatures.
When they died they fell to the sea bed to form thick layers of shell.
As the layers became thicker and thicker the bottom layers became crushed and cemented to form solid rock

45. Limestone contains bedding planes and joints
Yes, that’s right. Because limestone was formed in layers, these layers can still be seen as bedding planes.
joints
Bedding planes

46. Limestone contains fossils
Yes, that’s right. Limestone was formed from millions of shelled sea creatures and the shells can sometimes still be seen in the rock.

47. Limestone can be dated easily
Yes, that’s right. Limestone contains fossils. The fossils can tell us how old the limestone is.
For example, some layers of limestone contain crinoids. We know crinoids were alive between 360 – 320 million years ago.

48. Limestone .. The 4 correct answers are: Is an igneous rock
Contains bedding planes and joints
Contains large crystals
Contains fossils
Is a sedimentary rock
Is a metamorphic rock
Can often be dated easily
Click for next question

49. Which of the following are sedimentary rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Finished? Click here to check your answers

50. Sorry - that is wrong It’s metamorphic (changed by heat or pressure)
Try again

51. Sorry - that is wrong It’s igneous (formed from molten magma)
Try again

52. Well done
Sedimentary rocks are formed in layers as material is deposited on the seabed.

53. Which of the following are sedimentary rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Click for next question

54. Which of the following are igneous rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Finished? Click here to check your answers

55. Sorry - that is wrong It’s sedimentary (formed from layers of material on the sea bed)
Try again

56. Sorry - that is wrong It’s metamorphic (changed by heat or pressure)
Try again

57. Igneous rocks are formed when molten magma cools and solidifies
Well done
Igneous rocks are formed when molten magma cools and solidifies

58. Which of the following are igneous rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Click for next question

59. Which of the following are metamorphic rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Finished? Click here to check answer

60. Sorry - that is wrong It’s sedimentary (formed from layers of material on the sea bed)
Try again

61. Sorry - that is wrong It’s igneous formed from molten rock cooling and solidifying
Try again

62. Well done
Metamorphic rocks are formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks are changed by heat and / or pressure

63. Which of the following are metamorphic rocks...
sandstone
basalt
granite
limestone
slate
marble
Click for next question

64. basalt .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed above the earth’s crust
was formed within the earth’s crust
has large crystals
has small crystals
is a sedimentary rock
is an igneous rock
cooled slowly
cooled quickly
is hard
is soft
Finished? Click here to check your answer

65. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

66. Basalt is a very hard rock - it is used as a road stone!
Well done
Basalt is a very hard rock - it is used as a road stone!

67. Well done Basalt cooled quickly on the surface.
There was not enough time for large crystals to form.

68. Basalt is an igneous rock - it was formed from molten magma
Well done
Basalt is an igneous rock - it was formed from molten magma

69. When the magma flowed onto the earth’s surface it cooled very quickly
Well done
When the magma flowed onto the earth’s surface it cooled very quickly

70. basalt .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed above the earth’s crust
was formed within the earth’s crust
has large crystals
has small crystals
is a sedimentary rock
is an igneous rock
cooled slowly
cooled quickly
is hard
is soft
Click for next question

71. slate .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed when limestone was crushed at high temperatures
often has bands in it
has tiny crystals
has large crystals
is an igneous rock
is a metamorphic rock
Was formed when mudstone was crushed at high temperatures
is hard
is soft
Finished? Click here to check your answer

72. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

73. Very tiny crystals often formed when the slate cooled down
Well done
Very tiny crystals often formed when the slate cooled down

74. Well done
Slate has very clear bands in it. The rock splits easily along these bands into thin sheets of slate so this makes it a good roofing material.

75. Well done
When mudstone - a sedimentary rock - was crushed during massive earth movements, the extreme pressure and temperature changed it into slate.

76. Well done
Slate is a hard rock - this makes it good as a roofing material. In N. Wales, where a lot of slate is found, it is sometimes used to build walls.

77. Slate was formed under extreme pressure and temperature - metamorphic!
Well done
Slate was formed under extreme pressure and temperature - metamorphic!

78. slate .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed when limestone was crushed at high temperatures
often has bands in it
has tiny crystals
has large crystals
is an igneous rock
is a metamorphic rock
Was formed when mudstone was crushed at high temperatures
is hard
is soft
Click for next question

79. marble .... Choose the 4 right answers Crystals tend to form in bands
was formed when limestone was crushed at high temperatures
has tiny crystals
has large crystals
is an igneous rock
is a metamorphic rock
Was formed when mudstone was crushed at high temperatures
is hard
is soft
Finished? Click here to check your answers

80. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

81. Well done
Marble was formed under extreme pressure and temperature - metamorphic!

82. Well done
Marble was formed when limestone was changed under extreme pressure and temperature- during massive earth movements.

83. The crystals in marble are usually found in bands
Well done
The crystals in marble are usually found in bands

84. Well done
Marble is a very hard rock so it is often used in buildings. Because it is so attractive when polished it is often used in large expensive buildings - churches, palaces etc.

85. marble .... Choose the 4 right answers Crystals tend to form in bands
was formed when limestone was crushed at high temperatures
has tiny crystals
has large crystals
is an igneous rock
is a metamorphic rock
Was formed when mudstone was crushed at high temperatures
is hard
is soft
Click for next question

86. granite .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed above the earth’s crust
was formed within the earth’s crust
has large crystals
has small crystals
is a sedimentary rock
is an igneous rock
cooled slowly
cooled quickly
is hard
is soft
Finished. Click here to check your answer

87. Sorry - that is wrong
Try again

88. Well done
Granite was formed when molten magma forced itself into the earth’s crust - igneous!

89. Well done
Granite is a very hard rock. It is sometimes used as a building material. When polished it is very attractive.

90. Well done
Granite was formed when magma forced its way into the earth’s crust but DID NOT reach the surface. It is an INTRUSIVE igneous rock

91. Well done
Because granite cooled slowly below ground it allowed large crystals to form.

92. Well done
Because the magma did not reach the surface it cooled SLOWLY underground
Magma does not reach the surface – cools slowly

93. granite .... Choose the 5 right answers
was formed above the earth’s crust
was formed within the earth’s crust
has large crystals
has small crystals
is a sedimentary rock
is an igneous rock
cooled slowly
cooled quickly
is hard
is soft